{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:18:54Z","timestamp":1790036334823,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In 2017, the Jordanian Ministry of Health reported that gastric cancer was one of Jordan\u2019s most diagnosed cancers. Gastric cancer is often linked to<jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>, one of the foremost risk factors. Despite the high prevalence of<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>in Jordan, no information is available regarding the general population\u2019s awareness of the harmful effects of this pathogen. The study aims to assess the knowledge and the impact of the source of knowledge on<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>among the general population in Jordan. A cross-sectional study involving 933 participants was conducted between May and July of 2021. After meeting the inclusion criteria and consenting to participate in this study, participants completed the questionnaire. An interview-based questionnaire covered the following sections: sociodemographic data and knowledge related to<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>infection. 63% of the participants had a high level of education, 70.5% got their information about<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>infection from non-medical sources, and 68.7% had a low level of knowledge. Working in the medical field, attaining information from medical resources, and having a history of self-reported or family member of<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>infection showed a significant association with a high level of knowledge. The Mann-Whitney U test showed that the mean ranks of all knowledge items in the medical source group significantly exceed those of the non-medical source group (p-values &lt; 0.05). In Jordan, the awareness of<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>was unsatisfying, like in other countries. Nevertheless, misconceptions in knowledge about<jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>were identified and further awareness must be spread and advocated. Close observation of the non-medical sources of information is essential for delivering sufficient amount of knowledge to the general population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T18:33:09Z","timestamp":1678300389000},"page":"e0278078","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Knowledge and information sources towards Helicobacter pylori in Jordan"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3659-8203","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nader","family":"Alaridah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raba\u2019a","family":"F. 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Wadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"H. A. Abu-Humaidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0278078.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.04.022","article-title":"Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"153","author":"JKY Hooi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0278078.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"H Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"pone.0278078.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101404","article-title":"The current and future incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in 185 countries, 2020\u201340: A population-based modeling study","volume":"47","author":"E Morgan","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"pone.0278078.ref004","unstructured":"Cancer Incidence in Jordan: Jordan Ministry of Health 2016. https:\/\/wasel.moh.gov.jo\/Echobusv3.0\/SystemAssets\/05bd5575-f7e2-4943-8e66-2dd1510196cc.pdf."},{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0278078.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra020542","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"347","author":"S Suerbaum","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pone.0278078.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.30699\/ijmm.14.1.43","article-title":"Relationship of social risk factors and Helicobacter pylori infection with pathological characteristics of gastric carcinoma","volume":"14","author":"M Hedayati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0278078.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12572","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12572","article-title":"First nationwide seroepidemiology and risk factors report of Helicobacter pylori in Jordan","volume":"24","author":"MM Obaidat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"pone.0278078.ref008","first-page":"25","article-title":"Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer in Asia","author":"KM Fock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"key":"pone.0278078.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6028","DOI":"10.5897\/AJB09.824","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection and transmission in Africa: Household hygiene and water sources are plausible factors exacerbating spread","volume":"8","author":"C Dube","year":"2009","journal-title":"African Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"pone.0278078.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2017.00144","article-title":"Population knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Helicobacter pylori transmission and outcomes: a literature review","volume":"5","author":"LJ Driscoll","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0278078.ref011","article-title":"The role of information resources on building health awareness-study conduct in Amman Jordan","volume":"1","author":"A Alsamyadai","year":"2018","journal-title":"IRJPMS"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0278078.ref012","first-page":"e18338","article-title":"The use of internet and social media for health information and its consequences among the population in saudi Arabia","volume":"13","author":"SA AlMuammar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0278078.ref013","first-page":"14","article-title":"Sample size calculation in medical studies","volume":"6","author":"MA Pourhoseingholi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench"},{"key":"pone.0278078.ref014","volume-title":"Advocacy, communication and social mobilization for TB control: a guide to developing knowledge, attitude and practice surveys","author":"World Health O, Stop TBP","year":"2008"},{"key":"pone.0278078.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2021.22.5.1645","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes and practices of adults in the United Arab Emirates regarding Helicobacter pylori induced gastric ulcers and cancers","volume":"22","author":"A. 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