{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T21:44:35Z","timestamp":1789767875623,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019266","name":"Korea Medical Device Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202011A04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202011A04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HW20C2130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HW20C2130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Co-circulation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other respiratory viruses, such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), can be a severe threat to public health. The accurate detection and differentiation of these viruses are essential for clinical laboratories. Herein, we comparatively evaluated the performance of the Kaira COVID-19\/Flu\/RSV Detection Kit (Kaira; Optolane, Seongnam, Korea) for detection of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B, and RSV in nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) specimens with that of the PowerChek SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A&amp;B, RSV Multiplex Real-time PCR Kit (PowerChek; Kogene Biotech, Seoul, Korea).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 250 archived NPS specimens collected for routine clinical testing were tested in parallel by the Kaira and PowerChek assays. RNA standards were serially diluted and tested by the Kaira assay to calculate the limit of detection (LOD).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The positive and negative percent agreements between the Kaira and PowerChek assays were as follows: 100% (49\/49) and 100% (201\/201) for SARS-CoV-2; 100% (50\/50) and 99.0% (198\/200) for influenza A; 100% (50\/50) and 100% (200\/200) for influenza B; and 100% (51\/51) and 100% (199\/199) for RSV, respectively. The LODs of the Kaira assay for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B, and RSV were 106.1, 717.1, 287.3, and 442.9 copies\/mL, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The Kaira assay showed comparable performance to the PowerChek assay for detection of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B, and RSV in NPS specimens, indicating that the Kaira assay could be a useful diagnostic tool when these viruses are co-circulating.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T18:33:12Z","timestamp":1671042792000},"page":"e0278530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evaluation of the Kaira COVID-19\/Flu\/RSV Detection Kit for detection of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A\/B, and respiratory syncytial virus: A comparative study with the PowerChek SARS-CoV-2, influenza A&amp;B, RSV Multiplex Real-time PCR Kit"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6405-5305","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tae Yeul","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5966-5566","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Go Eun","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Youn","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minhee","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ja-Hyun","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8999-7561","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hee Jae","family":"Huh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doo Ryeon","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nam Yong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0278530.ref001","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020","journal-title":"WHO Director-General\u2019s opening remarks at the Mission briefing on COVID-19"},{"key":"pone.0278530.ref002","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022","journal-title":"Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0278530.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2020.40.5.351","article-title":"Guidelines for laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korea.","volume":"40","author":"KH Hong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Lab Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0278530.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2021.41.2.225","article-title":"Surveillance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) testing in clinical laboratories in Korea.","volume":"41","author":"HJ Huh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Lab Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0278530.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2022.42.4.391","article-title":"Update of guidelines for laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 in Korea.","volume":"42","author":"KH Hong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Lab Med"},{"key":"pone.0278530.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.05.008","article-title":"Characteristics of respiratory virus infection during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus in Beijing.","volume":"96","author":"Y Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect 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Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0278530.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2022.42.1.110","article-title":"Rates of coinfection between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses in Korea.","volume":"42","author":"YG Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Lab Med"},{"key":"pone.0278530.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104538","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of the BioFire\u00ae Respiratory Panel 2.1 and detection of SARS-CoV-2.","volume":"129","author":"HM Creager","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0278530.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2021.1873073","article-title":"Novel dual multiplex real-time RT-PCR assays for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A\/B, and respiratory syncytial virus using the BD MAX open system","volume":"10","author":"HY Chung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"pone.0278530.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2021.104737","article-title":"Clinical performance of the GenMark Dx ePlex respiratory pathogen panels for upper and lower respiratory tract infections.","volume":"135","author":"J Jarrett","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"pone.0278530.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2021.114304","article-title":"Comparison of the PowerChek SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A&B, RSV Multiplex Real-time PCR Kit and BioFire Respiratory Panel 2.1 for simultaneous detection of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B, and respiratory syncytial virus","volume":"298","author":"TY Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0278530.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02955","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02955-20","article-title":"Multicenter evaluation of 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Faico-Filho","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"issue":"34","key":"pone.0278530.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e258","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2022.37.e258","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus outbreak without influenza in the second year of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a national sentinel surveillance in Korea, 2021\u20132022 season.","volume":"37","author":"J-H Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"pone.0278530.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.08.002","article-title":"Understanding the rebound of influenza in the post COVID19 pandemic period holds important clues for epidemiology and control","volume":"122","author":"SS Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0278530.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2007.11.003","article-title":"Dual infections by influenza A\/H3N2 and B viruses 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