{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T10:11:03Z","timestamp":1783073463046,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, the success of major non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as quarantine orders, has depended upon robust rates of citizens\u2019 adherence to protocols. Thus, it is critical to public health for research to illuminate factors that affect compliance with contagion-mitigating practices. Previous research has examined sociodemographic factors and aspects of psychological distress as correlates of adherence to public health guidelines. The current study expanded this research to investigate the psychosocial process of co-rumination, which has been identified in previous research as a maladaptive type of social interaction that is associated with elevated levels of anxiety and depression. Data were collected from 932 Italian adults during the initial stages of the highly stressful COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. A path model was tested to examine multivariate relationships among sociodemographic characteristics, symptoms of psychological distress (i.e., depression and anxiety), co-rumination via cellphone, and self-reported adherence to COVID-19-related public health restrictions. Results revealed that higher rates of co-rumination via cellphone were associated with lower levels of adherence to public health restrictions. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were differentially related to co-rumination processes and adherence to public health restrictions. Higher levels of depression symptoms were directly associated with poorer adherence to public health restrictions, and this path was mediated through higher levels of co-rumination via cellphone. On the contrary, higher levels of state anxiety were directly associated with greater adherence to public health guidelines. This path was also mediated through co-rumination via cellphone. Higher levels of anxiety were correlated with lower levels of co-rumination, which in turn were correlated with lower levels of adherence. These results suggest fruitful directions for future research examining co-rumination as a maladaptive coping behavior that may be addressed within public health interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T18:25:36Z","timestamp":1670005536000},"page":"e0278628","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Psychological factors in adherence to COVID-19 public health restrictions in Italy: A path model testing depressed mood, anxiety, and co-rumination via cellphone"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5396-3853","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michela","family":"Balsamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karla Klein","family":"Murdock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Carlucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0278628.ref001","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022","journal-title":"WHO Health Emergency Dashboard"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0278628.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e253","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30074-8","article-title":"The Italian health system and the COVID-19 challenge","volume":"5","author":"B Armocida","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"10230","key":"pone.0278628.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30690-5","article-title":"COVID-19 in Europe: the Italian lesson","volume":"395","author":"A Saglietto","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"10227","key":"pone.0278628.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30493-1","article-title":"The response of Milan\u2019s Emergency Medical System to the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy","volume":"395","author":"S Spina","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0278628.ref005","article-title":"What went wrong with coronavirus testing in the US","author":"RP Baird","year":"2020","journal-title":"The New Yorker"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0278628.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6049","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103000","article-title":"Does comorbidity increase the risk of patients with COVID-19: evidence from meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"B Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging (albany NY)"},{"key":"pone.0278628.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.049","article-title":"A multinational, multicentre study on the psychological outcomes and associated physical symptoms amongst healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"88","author":"NW Chew","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain, behavior, and immunity"},{"key":"pone.0278628.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.069","article-title":"Do psychiatric patients experience more psychiatric symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown? 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