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The effects of the bone canal through which the optic nerve passes, and the proximity of blood vessels, muscles and tendons are generally unknown. Also, the limited technical capabilities of the scanners and the minimization of acquisition times result in poor quality diffusion-weighted images. It is challenging for current tractography methods to accurately track optic pathway fibers that correspond to known anatomy. Despite these technical limitations and low image resolution, here we show how to visualize the optic nerve and tract and quantify nerve atrophy. Our visualization method based on the analysis of the diffusion tensor shows marked differences between a healthy male subject and a male subject with progressive optic nerve neuropathy. These differences coincide with diffusion scalar metrics and are not visible on standard morphological images. A quantification of the degree of optic nerve atrophy in a systematic way is provided and it is tested on 9 subjects from the Human Connectome Project.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T18:30:53Z","timestamp":1670869853000},"page":"e0278987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Visualization of human optic nerve by diffusion tensor mapping and degree of neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6711-7949","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"\u0141abieniec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Lisowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Horia I.","family":"Petrache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"H\u0142adu\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9088-6938","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joanna","family":"Konopi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Kochanowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof R.","family":"Szyma\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0278987.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3109\/08820538.2010.518450","article-title":"The Use of Diffusion MRI in Ischemic Optic Neuropathy and Optic Neuritis","volume":"25","author":"M. 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