{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T23:05:41Z","timestamp":1788390341112,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Debre Berhan University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>War and conflict environments result in long-term physical and psychological consequences. Sexual violence, displacement, malnutrition, death, illness, injury, torture, and disability are some of the physical effects, whereas stress, depression, aggressive behaviors, and anxiety are some of the emotional complications of war. Hence, evidence-based interventions are required particularly to monitor mental health disorders. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of perceived stress and its associated factors among people living in post-war situations, Northern Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 812 samples from April 1 to May 15, 2022. The study participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique. The data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured and pre-tested tool. Data were cleaned and entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 and transferred to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify determinants of perceived stress. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit was applied to test for model fitness and a p-value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The prevalence of perceived stress was 76.1%, 95% CI (72.9\u201378.8). Age above 45 years (AOR (CI) = 2.45 (1.07\u20135.62), poor educational level (AOR (CI) = 5.92 (2.36\u201314.8), large family size (AOR (CI) = 0.48 (0.31\u20130.74), alcohol consumption (AOR (CI) = 0.63 (0.42\u20130.94), smoking (AOR (CI) = 0.17 (0.06\u20130.56), and exposure to multiple traumatic events (AOR (CI) = 2.38 (1.23\u20134.62) have shown a statistically significant association with perceived stress.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study revealed that more than three-fourths of participants living in post-war settings were found to have perceived stress. Older age, poor level of education, large family size, alcohol consumption, smoking, and the number of traumatic events were significant associates of perceived stress. Psychotherapy that can effectively address the medical, social, and psychological well-being of the community is important to reduce the burden of perceived stress.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T18:24:04Z","timestamp":1672251844000},"page":"e0279571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Perceived stress and its associated factors among people living in post-war Districts of Northern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6288-9771","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mesfin","family":"Tadese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4983-1086","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Saba Desta","family":"Tessema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abebe","family":"Mihretie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Getu Engida","family":"Wake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hana Nigussie","family":"Teshome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Getaneh Baye","family":"Mulu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tesfa Dejenie","family":"Habtewold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"no. 3","key":"pone.0279571.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00013-X","article-title":"The mental health consequences of war in northern Ethiopia: why we should be concerned","volume":"vol. 9","author":"A. F. Dadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0279571.ref002","unstructured":"A. Rathi, \u201cPsychological Impact of victims of War and Conflict.\u201d American Psychological Association (APA). https:\/\/www.apa.org\/international\/united-nations\/un-matters\/rathi-war.pdf."},{"key":"pone.0279571.ref003","unstructured":"A. D. Domar, \u201cPsychological stress and infertility,\u201d Waltham UpToDate Inc, 2017."},{"issue":"no. 02","key":"pone.0279571.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3126\/jucms.v9i02.41991","article-title":"Study on the Prevalence and Associated Factors of Perceived Stress on COVID-19 Among Healthcare Providers in Rupandehi District Health Institutions, Western Nepal","volume":"vol. 9","author":"S. Paudyal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Univers. Coll. Med. 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