{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:53:23Z","timestamp":1791348803019,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The brain- and testis-specific Ig superfamily protein (BT-IgSF, also termed IgSF11) is a homotypic cell adhesion protein. In the nervous system, BT-IgSF regulates the stability of AMPA receptors in the membrane of cultured hippocampal neurons, modulates the connectivity of chandelier cells and controls gap junction-mediated astrocyte-astrocyte communication. Here, we performed behavioral tests in BT-IgSF-deficient mice. BT-IgSF-deficient mice were similar to control littermates with respect to their reflexes, motor coordination and gating, and associative learning. However, BT-IgSF-deficient mice displayed an increased tendency to stay in the central illuminated areas in the open field and O-Maze paradigms suggesting reduced anxiety or increased scotophobia (fear of darkness). Although BT-IgSF-deficient mice initially found the platform in the water maze their behavior was compromised when the platform was moved, indicating reduced behavioral flexibility. This deficit was overcome by longer training to improve their spatial memory. Furthermore, male BT-IgSF-deficient mice displayed increased aggression towards an intruder. Our results show that specific behaviors are modified by the lack of BT-IgSF and demonstrate a contribution of BT-IgSF to network functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0280133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T18:37:29Z","timestamp":1673030249000},"page":"e0280133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Lack of the Ig cell adhesion molecule BT-IgSF (IgSF11) induced behavioral changes in the open maze, water maze and resident intruder test"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4964-1330","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dirk","family":"Montag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Pelz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fritz G.","family":"Rathjen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0280133.ref001","first-page":"1215","article-title":"Molecular cloning of a novel immunoglobulin superfamily gene preferentially expressed by brain and testis","volume":"296","author":"S Suzu","year":"2002","journal-title":"BiochemBiophysResCommun"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref002","first-page":"e1002899","article-title":"Melanophore Migration and Survival during Zebrafish Adult Pigment Stripe Development Require the Immunoglobulin Superfamily Adhesion Molecule Igsf11","volume":"8","author":"DS Eom","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoSGenet"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20361","article-title":"BT-IgSF, a novel immunoglobulin superfamily protein, functions as a cell adhesion molecule","volume":"204","author":"H Harada","year":"2005","journal-title":"JCell Physiol"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref004","first-page":"1","article-title":"The CAR group of Ig cell adhesion proteins\u2013Regulators of gap junctions?","author":"FG Rathjen","year":"2020"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref005","first-page":"525","article-title":"IGSF11 gene, frequently up-regulated in intestinal-type gastric cancer, encodes adhesion molecule homologous to CXADR, FLJ22415 and ESAM","volume":"23","author":"MM Katoh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref006","article-title":"VSIG-3 as a ligand of VISTA inhibits human T-cell function","author":"J Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4176","article-title":"Synaptic adhesion molecule IgSF11 regulates synaptic transmission and plasticity","volume":"19","author":"S Jang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref008","first-page":"7","article-title":"IgSF11 homophilic adhesion proteins promote layer-specific synaptic assembly of the cortical interneuron subtype","author":"Y Hayano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21490","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA117.000113","article-title":"The cell adhesion molecule BT-IgSF is essential for a functional blood-testis barrier and male fertility in mice","volume":"292","author":"L Pelz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-019-0080-9","article-title":"IgSF11 regulates osteoclast differentiation through association with the scaffold protein PSD-95","volume":"8","author":"H Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2843","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.2843","article-title":"A gene expression study of dorso-ventrally restricted pigment pattern in adult fins of Neolamprologus meeli, an African cichlid species","volume":"5","author":"EP Ahi","year":"2017","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.11.013","article-title":"Zebrafish stripes as a model for vertebrate colour pattern formation","volume":"25","author":"AP Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref013","first-page":"17","article-title":"IGSF11 is required for pericentric heterochromatin dissociation during meiotic diplotene","author":"B Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"pone.0280133.ref014","article-title":"The IgCAM BT-IgSF (IgSF11) is essential for connexin43-mediated astrocyte-astrocyte and ependymal cell-cell coupling","author":"L. 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