{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:31:59Z","timestamp":1791894719953,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Internet trolling is considered a negative form of online interaction that can have detrimental effects on people\u2019s well-being. This pre-registered, experimental study had three aims: first, to replicate the association between internet users\u2019 online trolling behavior and the Dark Tetrad of personality (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism) established in prior research; second, to investigate the effect of experiencing social exclusion on people\u2019s motivation to engage in trolling behavior; and third, to explore the link between humor styles and trolling behavior. In this online study, participants were initially assessed on their personality, humor styles, and global trolling behavior. Next, respondents were randomly assigned to a social inclusion or exclusion condition. Thereafter, we measured participants\u2019 immediate trolling motivation. Results drawn from 1,026 German-speaking participants indicate a clear correlation between global trolling and all facets of the Dark Tetrad as well as with aggressive and self-defeating humor styles. However, no significant relationship between experiencing exclusion\/inclusion and trolling motivation emerged. Our quantile regression findings suggest that psychopathy and sadism scores have a significant positive effect on immediate trolling motivation after the experimental manipulation, whereas Machiavellianism and narcissism did not explain variation in trolling motivation. Moreover, being socially excluded had generally no effect on immediate trolling motivation, apart from participants with higher immediate trolling motivation, for whom the experience of social exclusion actually reduced trolling motivation. We show that not all facets of the Dark Tetrad are of equal importance for predicting immediate trolling motivation and that research should perhaps focus more on psychopathy and sadism. Moreover, our results emphasize the relevance of quantile regression in personality research and suggest that even psychopathy and sadism may not be suitable predictors for low levels of trolling behavior.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0280271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T18:29:25Z","timestamp":1678472965000},"page":"e0280271","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Troll story: The dark tetrad and online trolling revisited with a glance at humor"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1804-6982","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sara Alida","family":"Volkmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1633-4772","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Susanne","family":"Gaube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Raue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6600-9580","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eva","family":"Lermer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0280271.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1515\/jplr.2010.011","article-title":"Trolling in asynchronous computer-mediated communication: From user discussions to academic definitions.","volume":"6","author":"C. Hardaker","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Politeness Res"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref002","unstructured":"Statista. Share of teenage individuals who have been bullied or trolled online in the United Kingdom (UK) as of January 2016, by platform 2016. https:\/\/www-statista-com.zu.idm.oclc.org\/statistics\/547974\/experience-of-online-bullying-and-trolling-on-social-media-by-teens-in-the-uk\/."},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref003","unstructured":"Statista. Cyber bullying. 2020."},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref004","unstructured":"Kunst A. Opinions on internet trolling in the U.S. 2017. Statista 2019. https:\/\/www-statista-com.zu.idm.oclc.org\/statistics\/380047\/agree-disagree-internet-trolling\/."},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2014.01.016","article-title":"Trolls just want to have fun.","volume":"67","author":"EE Buckels","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.08.036","article-title":"Who do you troll and Why: An investigation into the relationship between the Dark Triad Personalities and online trolling behaviours towards popular and less popular Facebook profiles.","volume":"77","author":"B Lopes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput Human Behav"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.01.025","article-title":"Trolling on Tinder\u00ae (and other dating apps): Examining the role of the Dark Tetrad and impulsivity.","volume":"110","author":"E March","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.06.038","article-title":"Constructing the cyber-troll: Psychopathy, sadism, and empathy.","volume":"119","author":"N Sest","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref009","first-page":"1217","volume-title":"Anyone Can Become a Troll: Causes of Trolling Behavior in Online Discussions","author":"J Cheng","year":"2017"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2699.8.4.291","article-title":"R U There? Ostracism by Cell Phone Text Messages.","volume":"8","author":"A Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gr Dyn Theory, Res Pract"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3323","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444817748578","article-title":"Under the bridge: An in-depth examination of online trolling in the gaming context.","volume":"20","author":"C Cook","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Media Soc"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref012","article-title":"The Disinhibiting Effects of Anonymity Increase Online Trolling.","author":"L Nitschinsk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behav Soc Netw"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref013","unstructured":"Kunst A. Internet trolling: malicious actions in online comments sections U.S. 2017. Statista 2019. https:\/\/www-statista-com.zu.idm.oclc.org\/statistics\/380000\/internet-trolling-malicious-intent-towards-strangers\/."},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1089\/1094931041291295","article-title":"The online disinhibition effect.","volume":"7","author":"J. Suler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology Behav"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-08-2020-0509","article-title":"Online disinhibition: conceptualization, measurement, and implications for online deviant behavior.","volume":"121","author":"CMK Cheung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ind Manag Data Syst"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.03.027","article-title":"\u2018I did it for the LULZ\u2019: How the dark personality predicts online disinhibition and aggressive online behavior in adolescence.","volume":"98","author":"A Kurek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput Human Behav"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551510365390","article-title":"Beyond vandalism: Wikipedia trolls.","volume":"36","author":"P Shachaf","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Inf Sci"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1080\/01972240290108186","article-title":"Searching for safety online: Managing \u201ctrolling\u201d in a feminist forum.","volume":"18","author":"S Herring","year":"2002","journal-title":"Inf Soc"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1080\/0267257X.2021.1900335","article-title":"The social phenomenon of trolling: understanding the discourse and social practices of online provocation.","volume":"37","author":"V Demsar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Mark Manag"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1080\/01972243.2017.1391911","article-title":"Multidimensionality of online trolling behaviors.","volume":"34","author":"MR Sanfilippo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inf Soc"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.05.015","article-title":"The prevalence and impact of online trolling of UK members of parliament.","volume":"99","author":"S Akhtar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput Human Behav"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2016.06.043","article-title":"The dark side of Facebook\u00ae: The Dark Tetrad, negative social potency, and trolling behaviours.","volume":"102","author":"N Craker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/jopy.12393","article-title":"Internet trolling and everyday sadism: Parallel effects on pain perception and moral judgment","volume":"87","author":"EE Buckels","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pers"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2021.110780","article-title":"Narcissism through the lens of performative self-elevation.","volume":"177","author":"M Kowalchyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref025","first-page":"219","article-title":"The development and validation of a new Machiavellianism Scale","volume":"35","author":"JJ Dahling","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Manage"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1177\/1529100611426706","article-title":"Psychopathic Personality: Bridging the Gap Between Scientific Evidence and Public Policy.","volume":"12","author":"JL Skeem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol Sci Public Interes Suppl"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022400","article-title":"The Psychometric Properties and Utility of the Short Sadistic Impulse Scale (SSIS).","volume":"23","author":"A O\u2019Meara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2017.04.007","article-title":"Aggression as a Trait: The Dark Tetrad.","volume":"19","author":"DL Paulhus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2019.01.001","article-title":"sadism, empathy, and the motivation to cause harm: New evidence confirms malevolent nature of the Internet Troll","volume":"141","author":"March E. Psychopathy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2019.01.011","article-title":"Gendertrolls just want to have fun, too.","volume":"141","author":"A Paananen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.11.047","article-title":"Personality and online environment factors differ for posters, trolls, lurkers, and confessors on Yik Yak.","volume":"124","author":"KC Seigfried-Spellar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2022.111767","article-title":"Considering sadism in the shadow of the Dark Triad traits: A meta-analytic review of the Dark Tetrad.","volume":"197","author":"B Bonf\u00e1-Araujo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.11.009","article-title":"The relationship between the Dark Tetrad and a two-dimensional view of empathy.","volume":"123","author":"M Pajevic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2021.111023","article-title":"Malicious mind readers? A meta-analysis on Machiavellianism and cognitive and affective empathy.","volume":"181","author":"C Bl\u00f6tner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.109827","article-title":"Dark Triad and schadenfreude: Mediating role of moral disengagement and relational aggression.","volume":"157","author":"S. Erzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2022.111756","article-title":"Subclinical sadism: Examining temperamental predispositions and emotional processing.","volume":"196","author":"L Thomas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1027\/1015-5759\/a000655","article-title":"The Nomological Network of the Short Dark Tetrad Scale (SD4).","volume":"38","author":"C Bl\u00f6tner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Psychol Assess"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2021.110628","article-title":"The socially dominant troll: Acceptance attitudes towards trolling.","volume":"173","author":"LA Bentley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167218816327","article-title":"Sadism and Aggressive Behavior: Inflicting Pain to Feel Pleasure.","volume":"45","author":"DS Chester","year":"2019","journal-title":"Personal Soc Psychol Bull"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2022.101750","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis examining the relationship between everyday sadism and aggression: Can subclinical sadistic traits predict aggressive behaviour within the general population?","volume":"65","author":"L Thomas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aggress Violent Behav"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.109960","article-title":"Psychopathy, impulsivity, and personality structure","volume":"161","author":"T Ben-Yaacov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191116685811","article-title":"Using Dominance Analysis to Decompose Narcissism and Its Relation to Aggression and Externalizing Outcomes.","volume":"26","author":"CE Vize","year":"2019","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000323","article-title":"The link between narcissism and aggression: A meta-analytic review.","volume":"147","author":"SL Kj\u00e6rvik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2019.0652","article-title":"High Esteem and Hurting Others Online: Trait Sadism Moderates the Relationship between Self-Esteem and Internet Trolling","volume":"23","author":"E March","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behav Soc Netw"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-6566(02)00534-2","article-title":"Individual differences in uses of humor and their relation to psychological well-being: Development of the Humor Styles Questionnaire.","volume":"37","author":"RA Martin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Res Pers"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.5964\/ejop.v12i3.1116","article-title":"The German version of the humor styles questionnaire: Psychometric properties and overlap with other styles of humor.","volume":"12","author":"W Ruch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref047","first-page":"28","article-title":"The effect of de-individuation of the internet troller on criminal procedure implementation: An interview with a hater","volume":"7","author":"J. Bishop","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cyber Criminol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2020.106551","article-title":"Do trolls just want to have fun? Assessing the role of humor-related traits in online trolling behavior.","volume":"114","author":"G Navarro-Carrillo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput Human Behav"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2022.104224","article-title":"Localizing gelotophobia, gelotophilia, and katagelasticism in domains and facets of maladaptive personality traits: A multi-study report using self- and informant ratings.","volume":"98","author":"K Brauer","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Res Pers"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2022.111625","article-title":"Relationship between humor styles and alternative five factors of personality.","volume":"194","author":"\u0110 \u010cekrlija","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2018.12.008","article-title":"From four to nine styles: An update on individual differences in humor.","volume":"141","author":"S Heintz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref052","first-page":"80","volume-title":"An Introd. to Cyberpsychology","author":"H. Barton","year":"2016"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2018.08.019","article-title":"The Dark Tetrad and callous reactions to mourner grief: Patterns of annoyance, boredom, entitlement, schadenfreude, and humor.","volume":"137","author":"SA Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2021.111281","article-title":"Differentiating the traits of the Dark Tetrad in their linkages with humor styles, dispositions toward ridicule and laughter, and comic styles.","volume":"185","author":"J Torres-Mar\u00edn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2010.01.017","article-title":"Relations between humor styles and the Dark Triad traits of personality.","volume":"48","author":"L Veselka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2011.10.010","article-title":"Relationships between the Dark Triad and humor styles: A replication and extension.","volume":"52","author":"RA Martin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1037\/pspi0000335","article-title":"On the Relation of Boredom and Sadistic Aggression.","volume":"121","author":"S Pfattheicher","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2019.06.018","article-title":"Loneliness moderates the relationship between Dark Tetrad personality traits and internet trolling","volume":"150","author":"K. Masui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6924.2009.01158.x","article-title":"On being rejected: A meta-analysis of experimental research on rejection.","volume":"4","author":"J Gerber","year":"2009","journal-title":"Perspect Psychol Sci"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.81.6.1058","article-title":"If you can\u2019t join them, beat them: effects of social exclusion on aggressive behavior.","volume":"81","author":"JM Twenge","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2005.03.005","article-title":"When ostracism leads to aggression: The moderating effects of control deprivation.","volume":"42","author":"WA Warburton","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Exp Soc Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2021.111448","article-title":"Impact of online anonymity on aggression in ostracized grandiose and vulnerable narcissists.","volume":"188","author":"Y Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9507.2011.00609.x","article-title":"Cyber Aggression: The Relation between Online Offenders and Offline.","volume":"20","author":"CL Schoffstall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soc Dev"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113160","article-title":"Psychopathy and emotion dysregulation: More than meets the eye.","volume":"290","author":"C Garofalo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.2015.34.8.692","article-title":"Dark personality features and emotion dysregulation.","volume":"34","author":"V Zeigler-Hill","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Soc Clin Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref066","author":"N Craker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Global Assessment of Facebook\u00ae Trolling"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref067","first-page":"1","article-title":"Introducing the short dark triad (SD3): A brief measure of dark personality traits.","author":"DN Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref068","first-page":"1","article-title":"The adaptation of the Short Dark Triad personality measure\u2013psychometric properties of a German sample.","author":"M Malesza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref069","article-title":"Comprehensive assessment of sadistic tendencies (CAST)(Unpublished measure).","author":"E Buckels","year":"2014","journal-title":"Canada Univ Br Columbia"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03192765","article-title":"Cyberball: A program for use in research on interpersonal ostracism and acceptance.","volume":"38","author":"KD Williams","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0127002","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127002","article-title":"The ordinal effects of ostracism: A meta-analysis of 120 Cyberball studies.","volume":"10","author":"CHJ Hartgerink","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164419837321","article-title":"Using Quantile Regression to Estimate Intervention Effects Beyond the Mean.","volume":"79","author":"S Konstantopoulos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Meas"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1890\/1540-9295(2003)001[0412:AGITQR]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"A gentle introduction to quantile regression for ecologists.","volume":"1","author":"BS Cade","year":"2003","journal-title":"Front Ecol Environ"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2018.04.014","article-title":"Predicting counterproductive work behavior with narrow personality traits: A nuanced examination using quantile regression.","volume":"131","author":"CJJ van Zyl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koenker R. Quantile regression 40 years on. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/ http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1920\/wp.cem.2017.3617.","DOI":"10.1920\/wp.cem.2017.3617"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511754098","author":"R. Koenker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Quantile regression"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2021.111175","article-title":"When your beloved is a psychopath. Psychopathic traits and social status of men and women\u2019s relationship and sexual satisfaction.","volume":"184","author":"I Pilch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721419838233","article-title":"A Critical Appraisal of the Dark-Triad Literature and Suggestions for Moving Forward.","volume":"28","author":"JD Miller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.8.2.129","article-title":"The Dominance Analysis Approach for Comparing Predictors in Multiple Regression.","volume":"8","author":"R Azen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.114.3.542","article-title":"Dominance analysis: A new approach to the problem of relative importance of predictors in multiple regression.","volume":"114","author":"V. Budescu D","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref081","author":"Y. Rosseel","year":"2021","journal-title":"The lavaan tutorial"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref082","unstructured":"Koenker R. Package \u2018quantreg\u2019 2013."},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref083","unstructured":"Bustos Navarrete C. dominanceanalysis. 2020 n.d. https:\/\/www.rdocumentation.org\/packages\/dominanceanalysis\/versions\/2.0.0."},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205-013-0359-y","article-title":"Social Desirability Bias in Self-reports of Physical Activity: Is an Exercise Identity the Culprit?","volume":"117","author":"PS Brenner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc Indic Res"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.64.1.82","article-title":"Self-reports versus unobtrusive measures: Balancing method variance and ethical concerns in employment discrimination research.","volume":"64","author":"J Newman","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Appl Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref086","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Research in social psychology: Consequences of short-and long-term social exclusion","author":"MJ Bernstein","year":"2016"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9004.2007.00004.x","article-title":"Ostracism: The Kiss of Social Death.","volume":"1","author":"KD Williams","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soc Personal Psychol Compass"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.02659","article-title":"Ostracism Increases Automatic Aggression: The Role of Anger and Forgiveness.","volume":"10","author":"D Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2014_28_162","article-title":"Theoretical and empirical concerns regarding the dark triad as a construct.","volume":"29","author":"AL Glenn","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pers Disord"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.53.1.7","article-title":"Comparison of Procedures for the Assessment of Psychopathy.","volume":"53","author":"RD Hare","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0280271.ref091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1177\/1088868320961909","article-title":"What Makes Things Funny? An Integrative Review of the Antecedents of Laughter and Amusement.","volume":"25","author":"C Warren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Personal Soc Psychol Rev"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0280271","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T18:30:38Z","timestamp":1678473038000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0280271"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Yasin Hasan","family":"Balcioglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0280271","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]}}}