{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:18:47Z","timestamp":1787062727699,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RE 1419\/8-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RE 1419\/8-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HE 7464\/6-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HE 7464\/6-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current cognitive models of social anxiety disorder (SAD) propose that individual, situation-specific self-beliefs are central to SAD. However, the role of differences in the degree to which individuals with social anxiety are convinced of self-beliefs, in particular positive ones, is still not fully understood. We compared how much high and low socially anxious individuals agree with their own negative and positive self-beliefs. Furthermore, we investigated whether agreeing with one\u2019s self-belief can explain the relation between negative affect in response to self-beliefs and social anxiety. Specifically, we were interested whether social anxiety increases negative affect in response to self-beliefs through an increase in agreement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We developed a new experimental self-belief task containing positive and negative semi-idiosyncratic, situation specific self-beliefs typical of high social anxiety and included a direct measure of agreement with these beliefs. Using extreme group sampling, we a-priori selected high (n = 51) and low (n = 50) socially anxious individuals. By multi-level mediation analysis, we analyzed agreement with self-beliefs in both groups and its association with affect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High and low socially anxious individuals chose similar self-beliefs. However, high socially anxious individuals (HSA) agreed more with negative self-beliefs and less with positive self-beliefs compared to low socially anxious individuals (LSA). HSA individuals reported increased negative affect after both, exposition to negative and positive self-beliefs compared to LSA. We found that social anxiety increases affective responses towards negative-self beliefs through an increase in agreeing with these self-beliefs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that cognitive models of social anxiety can be improved by including not only the content of a self-belief but also the strength of such a belief. In addition, they emphasize the relevance of positive self-beliefs in social anxiety, which has frequently been overlooked.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0281387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T13:50:36Z","timestamp":1678888236000},"page":"e0281387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Negative and positive self-beliefs in social anxiety: The strength of believing mediates the affective response"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6119-3323","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sabrina","family":"Golde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Lippoldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Rimpel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Haucke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babette","family":"Renneberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Heinzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0281387.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2005.04.002","article-title":"Size and burden of social phobia in Europe","volume":"15","author":"L Fehm","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"pone.0281387.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-013-3961-y","article-title":"Psychische St\u00f6rungen in der Allgemeinbev\u00f6lkerung: Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland und ihr Zusatzmodul Psychische Gesundheit (DEGS1-MH)","volume":"85","author":"F Jacobi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Der Nervenarzt"},{"key":"pone.0281387.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-007-0299-4","article-title":"Social anxiety disorder above and below the diagnostic threshold: prevalence, comorbidity and impairment in the general population","volume":"43","author":"L Fehm","year":"2008","journal-title":"Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology"},{"key":"pone.0281387.ref004","first-page":"69","volume-title":"Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment and treatment","author":"DM Clark","year":"1995"},{"key":"pone.0281387.ref005","volume-title":"New York: Guilford Press","author":"R Heimberg","year":"1995"},{"key":"pone.0281387.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)00022-3","article-title":"A cognitive\u2013behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia","volume":"35","author":"RM Rapee","year":"1995","journal-title":"Behaviour research and therapy"},{"key":"pone.0281387.ref007","first-page":"395","volume-title":"A cognitive behavioral model of social anxiety disorder: Update and extension. 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