{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T15:42:35Z","timestamp":1768750955321,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation Project of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771546"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771546"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Clinical medical technology innovation guidance project of Hunan Provincial Science & Technology Department","award":["2018SK52508 and 2020SK53404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018SK52508 and 2020SK53404"]}]},{"name":"Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission","award":["2021050120344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021050120344"]}]},{"name":"Construction project of graduate teaching case bank of Central South University","award":["2021ALK47"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ALK47"]}]},{"name":"Research on degree and postgraduate education and teaching reform of Central South University","award":["2021JGB057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JGB057"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) for detecting cervical lesions in women with minor abnormal cytology results (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A prospective study was conducted at gynecologic clinic from Mar 2021 to Sep 2021. The recruited women with cervical cytological findings of ASC-US or LSIL were inspected with OCT before colposcopy-directed cervical biopsy. The diagnostic performance of OCT, alone and in combination with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing were evaluated to detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or worse (CIN2+)\/CIN3 or worse (CIN3+). The rate of colposcopy referral and the immediate risk of CIN3+ of OCT were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 349 women with minor abnormal cervical cytology results were enrolled. For detection of CIN2+\/CIN3+, the sensitivity and NPV of OCT were lower than those of hrHPV testing (CIN2+: 71.3% vs. 95.4%, 89.0% vs. 91.1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001; CIN3+: 75% vs. 93.8%, 96.5% vs. 95.6%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), but the specificity, accuracy and PPV were higher than those of hrHPV testing (CIN2+: 77.5% vs. 15.6%, 75.9% vs. 35.5%, 51.2% vs. 27.3%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001; CIN3+: 69.4% vs. 13.6%, 69.9% vs. 20.9%, 19.8% vs. 9.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). OCT combined with hrHPV testing (CIN2+: 80.9%; CIN3+: 72.6%) showed higher specificity than that of OCT alone (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The colposcopy referral rate base on OCT classification was lower than that based on hrHPV testing (34.7% vs. 87.1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Patients with hrHPV-positive ASC-US and hrHPV-negative LSIL cytology, the immediate CIN3+ risk in OCT negative cases was less than 4%.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>OCT alone or combination with hrHPV testing shows good performance for detecting CIN2+\/CIN3+ in patients with ASC-US\/LSIL cytology. OCT is an effective method for colposcopy triage in women with hrHPV-positive ASC-US and hrHPV-negative LSIL cytology.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T17:32:09Z","timestamp":1678728729000},"page":"e0282833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Efficacy of optical coherence tomography in the triage of women with minor abnormal cervical cytology before 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