{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:07:01Z","timestamp":1790798821670,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11572202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11572202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Project of Shanghai University of Sport","award":["2022XJ003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022XJ003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The surface effects on running biomechanics have been greatly investigated. However, the effects on rearfoot strike runners remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of surfaces on the running kinematics, kinetics, and lower-limb stiffness of habitual rearfoot strikers. Thirty healthy male runners were recruited to run at 3.3 \u00b1 0.2 m\/s on a customized runway covered with three different surfaces (artificial grass, synthetic rubber, or concrete), and their running kinematics, kinetics, and lower-limb stiffness were compared. Differences among the three surfaces were examined using statistical parametric mapping and one-way repeated-measure analysis of variance. There were no statistical differences in the lower-limb joint motion, vertical ground reaction force (GRF), loading rates, and lower-limb stiffness when running on the three surfaces. The braking force (17%\u201336% of the stance phase) and mediolateral GRF were decreased when running on concrete surface compared with running on the other two surfaces. The moments of ankle joint in all three plane movement and frontal plane hip and knee joints were increased when running on concrete surface. Therefore, habitual rearfoot strikers may expose to a higher risk of running-related overuse injuries when running on a harder surface.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0283323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T13:29:25Z","timestamp":1679491765000},"page":"e0283323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Surface effects on kinematics, kinetics and stiffness of habitual rearfoot strikers during running"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Wenxing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lulu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-pang","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiyang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiwei","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3057-3742","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0283323.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0526-9","article-title":"Stiffness as a risk factor for Achilles tendon injury in running athletes","volume":"46","author":"AV Lorimer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"pone.0283323.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(79)90057-5","article-title":"The influence of track compliance on running","volume":"12","author":"TA McMahon","year":"1979","journal-title":"J biomech"},{"key":"pone.0283323.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199214050-00004","article-title":"Running injuries: A review of the epidemiological lieterature","volume":"14","author":"W. 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