{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:40:26Z","timestamp":1791726026980,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Hatch project no. 1015621"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Hatch project no. 1015621"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Purpureocillium lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a biocontrol Ascomycota fungus against various plant pathogens. In the present study, the efficacy of\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    was evaluated against a root-knot nematode,\n                    <jats:italic>Meloidogyne incognita<\/jats:italic>\n                    that infects eggplants. We performed an in vitro experiment in which the direct effects of\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    on the second-stage juvenile survival and egg hatching of\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>incognita<\/jats:italic>\n                    were tested at different exposure times. The results showed that\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    significantly reduced the rates of egg hatching and juvenile survival in a dose-dependent manner. Microscopic observation demonstrated that\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    directly penetrated the eggs and contacted the juveniles, indicating how\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasitizes\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>incognita<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We also performed a pot assay in which soil-grown eggplants were treated with\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    followed by inoculation with\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>incognita<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The results indicated that\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    effectively reduced the nematode population and the number of galls in plant roots. Interestingly, application of\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    resulted in significant enhancements in plant growth and biomass, even under nematode infection, while it improved plant photosynthetic pigments, i.e., chlorophyll and carotenoids. Taken together, our study suggested that\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>lilacinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    can be used as a plant growth-promoting fungus and a biological nematicide for disease management of root-knot nematodes in eggplants.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0283550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T13:30:24Z","timestamp":1679664624000},"page":"e0283550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Purpureocillium lilacinum for plant growth promotion and biocontrol against root-knot nematodes infecting eggplant"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7342-976X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Masudulla","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5045-560X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kiwamu","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0283550.ref001","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Developments in the Biological Control of Soil-borne Plant Pathogens","author":"JM Whipps","year":"1997"},{"key":"pone.0283550.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s10327-021-01045-2","article-title":"Common potato disease symptoms: ambiguity of symptom-based identification of causal pathogens and value of on-site molecular 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