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A missense mutation in <jats:italic>SLC35A3<\/jats:italic> causes complex vertebral malformation (CVM) in cattle. However, the biological functions of SLC35A3 have not been fully clarified. To address these issues, we have established <jats:italic>Slc35a3<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>mice using CRISPR\/Cas9 genome editing system. The generated mutant mice were perinatal lethal and exhibited chondrodysplasia recapitulating CVM-like vertebral anomalies. During embryogenesis, <jats:italic>Slc35a3<\/jats:italic> mRNA was expressed in the presomitic mesoderm of wild-type mice, suggesting that SLC35A3 transports UDP-GlcNAc used for the sugar modification that is essential for somite formation. In the growth plate cartilage of <jats:italic>Slc35a3<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>embryos, extracellular space was drastically reduced, and many flat proliferative chondrocytes were reshaped. Proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation were not affected in the chondrocytes of <jats:italic>Slc35a3<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>mice, suggesting that the chondrodysplasia phenotypes were mainly caused by the abnormal extracellular matrix quality. Because these histological abnormalities were similar to those observed in several mutant mice accompanying the impaired glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biosynthesis, GAG levels were measured in the spine and limbs of <jats:italic>Slc35a3<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>mice using disaccharide composition analysis. Compared with control mice, the amounts of heparan sulfate, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate\/dermatan sulfate, were significantly decreased in <jats:italic>Slc35a3<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>mice. These findings suggest that SLC35A3 regulates GAG biosynthesis and the chondrodysplasia phenotypes were partially caused by the decreased GAG synthesis. Hence, <jats:italic>Slc35a3<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice would be a useful model for investigating the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> roles of SLC35A3 and the pathological mechanisms of SLC35A3-associated diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0284292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T18:20:49Z","timestamp":1681410049000},"page":"e0284292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mice lacking nucleotide sugar transporter SLC35A3 exhibit lethal chondrodysplasia with vertebral anomalies and impaired glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Soichiro","family":"Saito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuji","family":"Mizumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsukasa","family":"Yonekura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rina","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenta","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Okubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhei","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Okamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5656-1235","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Furuichi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0284292.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a005199","article-title":"Golgi glycosylation","volume":"3","author":"P. 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