{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T11:34:39Z","timestamp":1780572879239,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd."},{"name":"Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Periodontal disease is the most common dental health problem characterized by the destruction of connective tissue and the resorption of alveolar bone resulting from a chronic infection associated with pathogenic bacteria in the gingiva. Aged garlic extract has been reported to improve gingival bleeding index and probing pocket depth score in patients with mild to moderate periodontitis. Although our previous study found that aged garlic extract and its constituents suppressed the tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1-induced inflammatory responses in a human gingival epithelial cell line, the mechanism underlying the effect of aged garlic extract on the destruction of the gingiva remains unclear. The present study investigated the effect of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>-1-propenyl-L-cysteine, one of the major sulfur bioactive compounds in aged garlic extract, on the lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinases in human gingival fibroblasts HGF-1 cells. Matrix metalloproteinases are well known to be closely related to the destruction of the gingiva. We found that <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>-1-propenyl-L-cysteine suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-induced expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in HGF-1 cells. In addition, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>-1-propenyl-L-cysteine inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor and expression of the active form of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 converting enzyme. Furthermore, the inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 converting enzyme, AG-1478 and TAPI-1, respectively, reduced the lipopolysaccharide-induced protein level of matrix metalloproteinase-1, as did <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>-1-propenyl-L-cysteine. Taken together, these results suggested that <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>-1-propenyl-L-cysteine suppresses the lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 through the blockade of the tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 converting enzyme-epidermal growth factor receptor axis in gingival fibroblasts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0284713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T17:43:27Z","timestamp":1682099007000},"page":"e0284713","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 through inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 converting enzyme-epidermal growth factor receptor axis in human gingival fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8271-9937","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Nango","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Ohtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0284713.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12146","article-title":"Molecular basis for immunohistochemical and inflammatory changes during progression of gingivitis to periodontitis","volume":"76","author":"S Kurgan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"pone.0284713.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02419.x","article-title":"Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque","volume":"25","author":"SS Socransky","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology"},{"key":"pone.0284713.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12732","article-title":"Impact of the global burden of periodontal diseases on health, nutrition and wellbeing of mankind: A call for global action","volume":"44","author":"MS Tonetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology"},{"key":"pone.0284713.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aau3333","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brains: Evidence for disease causation and treatment with small-molecule inhibitors","volume":"5","author":"SS Dominy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science Advances"},{"key":"pone.0284713.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.2003.8.1.38","article-title":"Associations between periodontal disease and risk for atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and stroke","volume":"8","author":"FA Scannapieco","year":"2003","journal-title":"A systematic review. 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