{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T09:25:44Z","timestamp":1769160344683,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In the lung cancer classification (TNM), the involvement of thoracic lymph nodes is relevant from a diagnostic and prognostic point of view. Even if imaging modality could help in selecting patients who should undergo surgery, a systematic lymph node dissection during lung surgery is mandatory to identify the subgroup of patients who can benefit from an adjuvant treatment.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Patients undergoing elective lobectomy\/bilobectomy\/segmentectomy) for non-small cell lung cancer and lymphadenectomy with lymph nodes station 10-11-12-13-14 sampling that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be recorded in a multicenter prospective database. The overall incidence of N1 patients (subclassified in: Hilar Lymph nodes, Lobar Lymph nodes and Sublobar Lymph nodes) will be examined as well as the incidence of visceral pleural invasion.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The aim of this multicenter prospective study is to evaluate the incidence of intrapulmonary lymph nodes metastases and the possible relation with visceral pleural invasion. Identifying patients with lymph node station 13 and 14 metastases and\/or a link between visceral pleural invasion and presence of micro\/macro metastases in intrapulmonary lymph nodes may have an impact on decision-making process.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> ID: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT05596578\" xlink:type=\"simple\">NCT05596578<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T17:49:49Z","timestamp":1683222589000},"page":"e0285184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Role of intrapulmonary lymph nodes in patients with NSCLC and visceral pleural invasion. The VPI 1314 multicenter registry study protocol"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3595-7307","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Minervini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kestenholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6267-0099","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pietro","family":"Bertoglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Nilius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0285184.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.55.2.74","article-title":"Global cancer statistics, 2002.","volume":"55","author":"DM Parkin","year":"2005","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin."},{"key":"pone.0285184.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S59","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JTO.0000269738.13586.fd","article-title":"The importance of accurate lymph node staging in early and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: an update on available techniques.","volume":"2","author":"ES Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0285184.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2007.01.075","article-title":"ESTS guidelines for preoperative lymph node staging for non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"32","author":"Leyn P De","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0285184.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2006.08.008","article-title":"ESTS guidelines for intraoperative lymph node staging in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"30","author":"D Lardinois","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"pone.0285184.ref005","unstructured":"Commission on Cancer. 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