{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:46:40Z","timestamp":1791049600862,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To measure housing assistance and homelessness among persons living with HIV (PLWH) and their association with health.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Exposure categories were: experiencing homelessness (per emergency shelter use or self-report), receiving housing assistance (per housing subsidy) without homelessness, or neither homelessness nor receiving housing assistance. Outcomes were: engagement (\u22651 visit) and retention (\u22652 visits \u226590 days apart) in HIV-related medical care and one-time (latest viral load) and durable (\u22651 viral load test, all suppressed) HIV viral suppression (&lt;200 copies\/mL). Among PLWH in New York City (NYC), we calculated and conducted modified Poisson regressions of the four outcomes according to exposure category.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>During 2018, 45% of NYC\u2019s 84,053 PLWH received housing assistance, and 8% experienced homelessness. Relative to homelessness, receipt of assistance without homelessness was associated with 3\u20137% higher adjusted relative risk (ARR) of engagement and retention in care and 31\u201364% higher ARR of one-time and durable viral suppression. Relative to not receiving assistance, receipt of assistance without homelessness was associated with 6\u201318% higher ARR of care and 2\u20135% lower ARR of viral suppression.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Programs promoting housing stability may support HIV care and viral suppression, particularly if preventing homelessness. These may help improve HIV care and suppression rates.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T17:23:25Z","timestamp":1683912205000},"page":"e0285765","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Homelessness and housing assistance among persons with HIV, and associations with HIV care and viral suppression, New York City 2018"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5106-0500","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ellen Weiss","family":"Wiewel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaoyu","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Beattie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pam X.","family":"Farquhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0285765.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2010.193102","article-title":"A population-based assessment of the health of homeless families in New York City, 2001\u20132003","volume":"101","author":"BD Kerker","year":"2011","journal-title":"American journal of public health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0285765.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302905","article-title":"Housing status, medical care, and health outcomes among people living with HIV\/AIDS: a systematic review","volume":"106","author":"AA Aidala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0285765.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.07.051","article-title":"The effect of unstable housing on HIV treatment biomarkers: An instrumental variables approach.","volume":"214","author":"O Galarraga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Social science & medicine (1982)"},{"key":"pone.0285765.ref004","unstructured":"Prevention Access Campaign. 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