{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:01:20Z","timestamp":1793145680868,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Care Services","award":["7369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7369"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Micelles are nano-sized particles with a core-shell structure that are made by natural or synthetic polymers or copolymers. The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a copolymeric micelle using two polymers loaded with hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) (PEG-PCL) were used to form a copolymeric micelle which was further loaded with either moxifloxacin or clarithromycin as hydrophilic and lipophilic drug samples, respectively. Characterization tests were done including fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H NMR) spectroscopy, encapsulation efficiency, particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, transmission electron microscopy, and <jats:italic>in-vitro<\/jats:italic> release test.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The construction of the copolymer was confirmed by the results of FT-IR and <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H NMR spectroscopy tests. The encapsulation efficiency test exhibited that loading was about 50% for twelve formulations. Particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the formation of monodispersed, uniform, and nano-sized micelles with a few negative charges. The kinetic model of release was fitted to the Higuchi model.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Polymeric micelles consisting of PEG-PCL copolymer were loaded with adequate concentrations of hydrophilic (moxifloxacin) and lipophilic (clarithromycin) model drugs, with a mean particle size under 300 nm. Therefore, copolymeric micelles can be used as a suitable drug delivery system for mucous membranes and skin.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T17:23:09Z","timestamp":1685035389000},"page":"e0286251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Development and characterization of a copolymeric micelle containing soluble and insoluble model 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