{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T14:46:54Z","timestamp":1783781214428,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 108-2314-B-367-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 108-2314-B-367-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111-2314-B-367-001-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111-2314-B-367-001-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The prevalence of violence in acute psychiatric wards is a critical concern. According to a meta-analysis investigating violence in psychiatric inpatient units, researchers estimated that approximately 17% of inpatients commit one or more acts of violence during their stay. Inpatient violence negatively affects health-care providers and patients and may contribute to high staff turnover. Therefore, predicting which psychiatric inpatients will commit violence is of considerable clinical significance.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The present study aimed to estimate the violence rate for psychiatric inpatients and establish a predictive model for violence in psychiatric inpatients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We collected the structured and unstructured data from Chinese nursing electronic medical records (EMRs) for the violence prediction. The data was obtained from the psychiatry department of a regional hospital in southern Taiwan, covering the period between January 2008 and December 2018. Several text mining and machine learning techniques were employed to analyze the data.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The results demonstrated that the rate of violence in psychiatric inpatients is 19.7%. The patients with violence in psychiatric wards were generally younger, had a more violent history, and were more likely to be unmarried. Furthermore, our study supported the feasibility of predicting aggressive incidents in psychiatric wards by using nursing EMRs and the proposed method can be incorporated into routine clinical practice to enable early prediction of inpatient violence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our findings may provide clinicians with a new basis for judgment of the risk of violence in psychiatric wards.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T17:28:07Z","timestamp":1686158887000},"page":"e0286347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["An analysis of Chinese nursing electronic medical records to predict violence in psychiatric inpatients using text mining and machine learning techniques"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3285-2983","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ya-Han","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeng-Hsiu","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Yu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Yun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1587-5590","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cheng-Che","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"20","key":"pone.0286347.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp068229","article-title":"Violence and mental illness\u2014how strong is the link?","volume":"355","author":"RA Friedman","year":"2006","journal-title":"The New England journal of medicine"},{"issue":"19","key":"pone.0286347.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.675","article-title":"Schizophrenia, substance abuse, and violent crime","volume":"301","author":"S Fazel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"pone.0286347.ref003","author":"JW Swanson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mental disorder, substance abuse, and community violence: an epidemiological approach"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0286347.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.082388","article-title":"Overcrowding in psychiatric wards and physical assaults on staff: data-linked longitudinal study","volume":"198","author":"M Virtanen","year":"2011","journal-title":"The British journal of psychiatry: the journal of mental science"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0286347.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0128536","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128536","article-title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Violence by Psychiatric Acute Inpatients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"10","author":"L Iozzino","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0286347.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0349.2010.00715.x","article-title":"Mental health nursing and stress: Maintaining balance","volume":"20","author":"L. 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