{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:22:47Z","timestamp":1791994967616,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004417","name":"Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007468","name":"KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007468","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"USAID"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) is the world\u2019s major public health problem. We assessed the proportion, reasons, and associated factors for anti-TB treatment nonadherence in the communities in Indonesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This national coverage cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2013 to 2014 with stratified multi-stage cluster sampling. Based on the region and rural-urban location. The 156 clusters were distributed in 136 districts\/cities throughout 33 provinces, divided into three areas. An eligible population of age \u226515 was interviewed to find TB symptoms and screened with a thorax x-ray. Those whose filtered result detected positive followed an assessment of Sputum microscopy, LJ culture, and Xpert MTB\/RIF. Census officers asked all participants about their history of TB and their treatment\u2014defined Nonadherence as discontinuation of anti-tuberculosis treatment for &lt;6 months. Data were analyzed using STATA 14.0 (College Station, TX, USA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nonadherence to anti-TB treatment proportion was 27.24%. Multivariate analysis identified behavioral factors significantly associated with anti-TB treatment nonadherence, such as smoking (OR = 1.78, 95% CI (1.47\u20132.16)); place of first treatment received: government hospital (OR = 1.45, 95% CI:1.06\u20131.99); private hospital (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.38\u20132.72); private practitioner (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.56\u20133.23); socio-demographic and TB status included region: Sumatera (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.98); other areas (OR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.30\u20132.61); low level of education (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.27\u20132.03); and current TB positive status (OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.26\u20133.73).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nonadherence to anti-TB drugs was highly related to the personal perception of the respondents, despite smoking, current TB status, a place for the first treatment, education, and region. The position of the first TB treatment at the private practitioner was significantly associated with the risk of Nonadherence to treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0287628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T13:29:32Z","timestamp":1691501372000},"page":"e0287628","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Nonadherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment, reasons and associated factors among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the communities in Indonesia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Dina Bisara","family":"Lolong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ni Ketut","family":"Aryastami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6997-4821","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ina","family":"Kusrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina L.","family":"Tobing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4374-829X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ingan","family":"Tarigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siti","family":"Isfandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felly Philipus","family":"Senewe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Raflizar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noer","family":"Endah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikson","family":"Sitorus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lamria","family":"Pangaribuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oster S.","family":"Simarmata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusniar","family":"Ariati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0287628.ref001","volume-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2018.","author":"World Health Organization\u200e"},{"key":"pone.0287628.ref002","author":"RI Kemenkes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pedoman Nasional Pengendalian Tuberkulosis [Internet]."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0287628.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0150511","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150511","article-title":"Association between Directly Observed Therapy and Treatment Outcomes in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","volume":"11","author":"J Yin","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0287628.ref004","author":"RI Kementerian Kesehatan","year":"2011","journal-title":"STRATEGI NASIONAL PENGENDALIAN TB TAHUN 2011\u20132014 [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0287628.ref005","unstructured":"SIASPS U. 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