{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T17:04:03Z","timestamp":1775754243299,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the role of biological markers of immunothrombosis and polymorphisms of cytokine genes<jats:italic>IL2<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic>and their influence on the severity of COVID-19 in a Kazakh population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec002\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 301 patients of Kazakh nationality with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 participated in the retrospective study, including 142 patients with severe and 159 with a mild course. Single nucleotide polymorphisms<jats:italic>IL2R<\/jats:italic>rs1801274,<jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic>rs2069840, and<jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic>rs1800872 were genotyped by real-time PCR. Activated partial thromboplastin time, normalized ratio, prothrombin index, prothrombin time, fibrinogen prothrombin time, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and C-reactive protein analysis were also conducted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec003\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average age of patients with severe COVID-19 is higher than of patients with mild COVID-19 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.03). The findings showed that fibrinogen, D-dimer, and C-reactive protein were significantly greater in the group of patients with severe COVID-19 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.0001). A very strong correlation between the severity of COVID-19 with the D-dimer and C-reactive protein (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.9) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.02) was found.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec004\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of our study confirm that D-dimer, fibrinogen, and CRP are biomarkers of inflammation and hypercoagulation that serve as predictors of immunothrombosis affecting the severity of COVID-19. D-dimer is also associated with<jats:italic>IL10<\/jats:italic>rs1800872 gene polymorphism in the Kazakh population with severe COVID-19.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0288139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T17:28:53Z","timestamp":1688146133000},"page":"e0288139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Biomarkers of immunothrombosis and polymorphisms of IL2, IL6, and IL10 genes as predictors of the severity of COVID-19 in a Kazakh 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