{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T23:59:52Z","timestamp":1788998392085,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["454608048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["454608048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Based on previous studies, the present four experiments (total <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 468) aimed at investigating the effectivity of rumination induction in different experimental settings. We were particularly interested in rumination in the context of individual goal achievement and tested whether an instruction that referred to unresolved goals had a direct observable effect on state rumination. For this purpose, participants were asked to identify, evaluate, and focus on a personally relevant goal that was previously unresolved and still bothered them. In Experiment 1a to 1c, we compared three different modifications of the unresolved condition with shortened instructions with the elaborated unresolved condition and an additional control condition that did not refer to goals. In general, the results were mixed, but basically confirmed the effectiveness of the method used. Finally, in Experiment 2, we compared the two most promising versions of the unresolved condition and, by adding a goal-related control condition, we examined which control condition was best suited to maximize effects related to state rumination in future research. Results of various mixed ANOVAs demonstrated that a shortened version (in terms of shortened audio instructions) of the unresolved condition could be used as well as the original unresolved condition to induce reliable state rumination. The significance of the effects obtained with this method for real-life applications as well as approaches for future research are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0288450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T18:31:51Z","timestamp":1700677911000},"page":"e0288450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Experimental induction of state rumination: A study evaluating the efficacy of goal-cueing task in different experimental settings"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6286-837X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alena","family":"Michel-Kr\u00f6hler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mich\u00e8le","family":"Wessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Berti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0288450.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2020.103573","article-title":"Reflecting on rumination: Consequences, causes, mechanisms and treatment of rumination","volume":"127","author":"ER Watkins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0288450.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.134.2.163","article-title":"Constructive and unconstructive repetitive thought.","volume":"134","author":"ER Watkins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0288450.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2013.05.004","article-title":"Cueing an unresolved personal goal causes persistent ruminative self-focus: An experimental evaluation of control theories of rumination","volume":"44","author":"H Roberts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref004","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Ruminative Thoughts. Advances in Social Cognition","author":"LL Martin","year":"1996"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195177664.003.0009","article-title":"Extending the Goal Progress Theory of RuminationGoal Reevaluation and Growth.","volume-title":"Judgments Over Time: The Interplay of Thoughts, Feelings, and Behaviors.","author":"LL Martin","year":"2006"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0288450.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2006.00449.x","article-title":"New Directions in Goal-Setting Theory.","volume":"15","author":"EA Locke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Current Directions in Psychological Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0288450.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.3.379","article-title":"Missing the mark: Effects of time and causal attributions on goal revision in response to goal-performance discrepancies","volume":"88","author":"JJ Donovan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0288450.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2020.1763141","article-title":"Academic performance: A longitudinal study on the role of goal-directed rumination and psychological distress.","volume":"33","author":"S Krys","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anxiety, Stress, & Coping."},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref009","volume-title":"Positive und negative Metakognitionen \u00fcber die Rumination und ihre differentiellen Effekte auf die kognitive Flexibilit\u00e4t bei dysphorisch\/depressiven Frauen [Positive and negative metacognitions about rumination and their differential effects on cognitive flexibility in dysphoric\/depressed women; dissertation].","author":"T. Wimmer","year":"2005"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0288450.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2004.12.006","article-title":"Positive beliefs about rumination in depression\u2014a replication and extension.","volume":"39","author":"ER Watkins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0288450.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-009-9244-z","article-title":"Positive and Negative Beliefs About Depressive Rumination: A Psychometric Evaluation of Two Self-Report Scales and a Test of a Clinical Metacognitive Model of Rumination and Depression.","volume":"34","author":"J Roelofs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research."},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref012","volume-title":"Motivation und Pers\u00f6nlichkeit: Interaktionen psychischer Systeme [motivation and personality: Interactions of psychological systems].","author":"J. Kuhl","year":"2001"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00576","article-title":"Taking Action or Thinking About It? State Orientation and Rumination Are Correlated in Athletes.","volume":"10","author":"A Kr\u00f6hler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2017.11.001","article-title":"Self-efficacy vs. action orientation: Comparing and contrasting two determinants of goal setting and goal striving","volume":"73","author":"BM Wolf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Personality"},{"issue":";4","key":"pone.0288450.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930802696849","article-title":"Negative affect and ruminative self-focus during everyday goal pursuit.","volume":"24","author":"NJ Moberly","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cognition & Emotion."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0288450.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2012.06.009","article-title":"Induced rumination in everyday life: Advancing research approaches to study rumination.","volume":"53","author":"S Huffziger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences.Oct"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0288450.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1026\/1616-3443\/a000118","article-title":"Die Ruminationsfacetten Brooding und Reflection.","volume":"41","author":"S Huffziger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie.Jan"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0288450.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2020.1763139","article-title":"Goal-directed rumination and its antagonistic effects on problem solving: a two-week diary study.","volume":"33","author":"S. Krys","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anxiety, Stress, & Coping"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0288450.ref019","first-page":"161","article-title":"Rumination im Zusammenhang mit dem Erreichen selbst gesetzter Ziele bei leistungssportlich-orientierten Schwimmern [Rumination in the Context of Individual Goal Achievement in Performance-Oriented Swimmers]","volume":"24","author":"A Kr\u00f6hler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0288450.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2008.10.003","article-title":"A roadmap to rumination: A review of the definition, assessment, and conceptualization of this multifaceted construct.","volume":"29","author":"JM Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0288450.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030923","article-title":"An attentional scope model of rumination.","volume":"139","author":"AJ Whitmer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0288450.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x","article-title":"Rethinking Rumination.","volume":"3","author":"S Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"2008","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0288450.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-018-9901-1","article-title":"The Brief State Rumination Inventory (BSRI): Validation and Psychometric Evaluation.","volume":"42","author":"I Marchetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0288450.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1037\/a0035540","article-title":"A habit-goal framework of depressive rumination","volume":"123","author":"ER Watkins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref025","volume-title":"Intrusive and repetitive thoughts: Investigating the construct of rumination [dissertation","author":"S Krys","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0288450.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.76.2.284","article-title":"Private self-consciousness and the five-factor model of personality: Distinguishing rumination from reflection","volume":"76","author":"PD Trapnell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0288450.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2010.12.003","article-title":"The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ): Validation of a content-independent measure of repetitive negative thinking.","volume":"42","author":"T Ehring","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01372","article-title":"Concrete vs. Abstract Processing in Repetitive Negative Thinking: Distinct Functional Effects on Emotional Reactivity and Attentional Control.","volume":"10","author":"M Kornacka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2887","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-019-00225-w","article-title":"An experimental study of the effect of rumination processing modes on approach behavior in a task involving previous failure.","volume":"40","author":"K Kambara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Current Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0288450.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1177\/21677026211051324","article-title":"Rumination derails reinforcement learning with possible implications for ineffective behavior","volume":"10","author":"P Hitchcock","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clinical Psychological Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0288450.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.65.2.339","article-title":"Self-perpetuating properties of dysphoric rumination","volume":"65","author":"S Lyubomirsky","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.101519","article-title":"Short-term affective consequences of specificity of rumination about unresolved personal goals","volume":"66","author":"H Roberts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref033","first-page":"2015","volume-title":"Effect of Goal Discrepancy Rumination on Overgeneral Memory [dissertation].","author":"LER Lanning"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref034","first-page":"2017","volume-title":"Does approach vs. avoidance framing influence rumination cued by unresolved goals? [dissertation].","author":"LC Edwards"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0288450.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-021-01557-x","article-title":"Testing the construct validity of competing measurement approaches to probed mind-wandering reports.","volume":"53","author":"MJ Kane","year":"2021","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods.Apr 9"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0288450.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(97)00015-8","article-title":"Oops!\u2019: performance correlates of everyday attentional failures in traumatic brain injured and normal subjects","volume":"35","author":"IH Robertson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0288450.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1037\/emo0000059","article-title":"Emotional inertia and external events: The roles of exposure, reactivity, and recovery.","volume":"15","author":"P Koval","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref038","author":"D. J. Leiner","year":"2019","journal-title":"SoSci Survey. Version 3.1.06"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-34362-9","article-title":"Forschungsmethoden in Psychologie und Sozialwissenschaften f\u00fcr Bachelor [Research Methods in Psychology and Social Sciences for Bachelor].","author":"W Hussy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Springer-Lehrbuch."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0288450.ref040","first-page":"38","article-title":"Die Ruminationsfacetten Brooding und Reflection [The Ruminations Facets Brooding and Reflecting].","volume":"41","author":"S Huffziger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie.Jan"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0288450.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023910315561","article-title":"Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis.","volume":"27","author":"W Treynor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0288450.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.100.4.569","article-title":"Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes","volume":"100","author":"S. Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0288450.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1026\/0012-1924.52.1.26","article-title":"Bev\u00f6lkerungsrepr\u00e4sentative Normierung der Skala zur Allgemeinen Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung [Standardization of the General Self-Efficacy Scale in the German population].","volume":"52","author":"A Hinz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diagnostica"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref044","first-page":"35","volume-title":"Measures in health psychology: A user\u2019s portfolio.","author":"R Schwarzer","year":"1995"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0288450.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1027\/1866-5888\/a000009","article-title":"Diary Studies in Organizational Research.","volume":"9","author":"S Ohly","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Personnel Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0288450.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1348\/096317902167658","article-title":"Using a single-item approach to measure facet job satisfaction","volume":"75","author":"MS Nagy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0288450.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1027\/1015-5759.23.4.258","article-title":"Assessing Mood in Daily Life.","volume":"23","author":"P Wilhelm","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref048","first-page":"215","volume-title":"Oxford Handbooks Online","author":"E Klinger","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0288450.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.35.5.514","article-title":"Applying Self-Compassion in Sport: An Intervention With Women Athletes","volume":"35","author":"AD Mosewich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref050","volume-title":"Free Inquisit 5 Player app. version 5 [software]."},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref051","first-page":"2018","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref052","article-title":"ez: Easy analysis and visualization of factorial experiments.","author":"MA Lawrence","year":"2016","journal-title":"R package version 4.4\u20130."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0288450.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.77.5.1061","article-title":"Explaining the gender difference in depressive symptoms","volume":"77","author":"S Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0288450.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2011.06.012","article-title":"Gender and age differences in emotion regulation strategies and their relationship to depressive symptoms.","volume":"51","author":"S Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"2011","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences.Oct"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0288450.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2008.12.009","article-title":"Anatomy of an error: A bidirectional state model of task engagement\/disengagement and attention-related errors.","volume":"111","author":"JA Cheyne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cognition."},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref056","volume-title":"Discovering Statistics Using R","author":"A Field","year":"2012"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref057","author":"J. Cohen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0288450.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024338","article-title":"Effect size estimates: Current use, calculations, and interpretation","volume":"141","author":"CO Fritz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0288450.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155","article-title":"A power primer.","volume":"112","author":"J. Cohen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0288450.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.51.4.473","article-title":"How to Estimate and Interpret Various Effect Sizes","volume":"51","author":"T Vacha-Haase","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Counseling Psychology"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0288450.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.21886","article-title":"Experiential Self-Focus Writing as a Facilitator of Processing an Interpersonal Hurt","volume":"68","author":"K Yu-Hsin Liao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0288450.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2013.12.006","article-title":"Enhancing the Benefits of Written Emotional Disclosure Through Response Training.","volume":"45","author":"A Konig","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behavior Therapy.May"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0288450.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.2013.32.5.482","article-title":"Cognitive Processes in Response to Goal Failure: A Study of Ruminative Thought and its Affective Consequences","volume":"32","author":"N. P. Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0288450.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0231783","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231783","article-title":"Assessing repetitive negative thinking in daily life: Development of an ecological momentary assessment paradigm.","volume":"15","author":"T Rosenkranz","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0288450.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.8.3.364","article-title":"Processing mode causally influences emotional reactivity: Distinct effects of abstract versus concrete construal on emotional response.","volume":"8","author":"E Watkins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emotion.Jun"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0288450.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0963-7214.2005.00325.x","article-title":"The Automatic Pursuit and Management of Goals.","volume":"14","author":"JY Shah","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Directions in Psychological Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0288450.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.3.3.223","article-title":"Motivation and attention: Incongruent effects of feedback on the processing of valence","volume":"3","author":"K. Rothermund","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses.","volume":"41","author":"F Faul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behavior Research MethodsNov"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.54.6.1063","article-title":"Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales","volume":"54","author":"D Watson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref070","unstructured":"Schmitz-H\u00fcbsch M, Schindler S. Alltagsfehler und Sustained Attention- eine Replikation zum SART [Everyday errors and sustained attention- a replication of the SART]. [Unpublished undergraduate theses]. Technical University Dresden, 2008. German."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0288450.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2010.0894","article-title":"A Dynamic Perspective on Affect and Creativity.","volume":"56","author":"R Bledow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Academy of Management Journal"},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139174794","author":"CS Carver","year":"1998","journal-title":"On the Self-Regulation of Behavior"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0288450.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.7.2.336","article-title":"Anxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory.","volume":"7","author":"MW Eysenck","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emotion."},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref074","article-title":"Is Work-Related Rumination Associated with Deficits in Executive Functioning?","author":"M Cropley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology."},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref075","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development and preliminary validation of the sports competition rumination scale (SCRS).","author":"A Michel-Kr\u00f6hler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Sport Psychology."},{"key":"pone.0288450.ref076","first-page":"181","article-title":"Psychological experimenting on the World Wide Web: Investigating content effects in syllogistic reasoning.","volume":"1","author":"J Musch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Online Social Sciences."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0288450.ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03192696","article-title":"TheWeb Experiment List: A web service for the recruitment of participants and archiving of Internet-based experiments.","volume":"37","author":"U-D Reips","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods.May"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0288450","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T18:32:36Z","timestamp":1700677956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0288450"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ricky Siu","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0288450","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]}}}