{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T23:02:33Z","timestamp":1791759753769,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]],"date-time":"2023-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kasetsart University Reinventing University Program 2021"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a zoonotic pathogen that causes invasive infections in humans and pigs. Herein, we performed genomic analysis of seven\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    serotype 4 strains belonging to clonal complex (CC) 94 that were recovered from a human patient or from diseased and clinically healthy pigs. Genomic exploration and comparisons, as well as\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    cytotoxicity tests, indicated that\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    CC94 serotype 4 strains are potentially virulent. Genomic analysis revealed that all seven strains clustered within minimum core genome group 3 (MCG-3) and had a high number of virulence-associated genes similar to those of virulent serotype 2 strains. Cytotoxicity assays showed that both the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line and HeLa cells rapidly lost viability following incubation for 4 h with the strains at a concentration of 10\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    bacterial cells. The human serotype 4 strain (ID36054) decreased cell viability profoundly and similarly to the control serotype 2 strain P1\/7. In addition, strain ST1689 (ID34572), isolated from a clinically healthy pig, presented similar behaviour in an adenocarcinoma cell line and HeLa cells. The antimicrobial resistance genes\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (O) and\n                    <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic>\n                    that confer resistance to tetracyclines, macrolides, and lincosamides were commonly found in the strains. However, aminoglycoside and streptothricin resistance genes were found only in certain strains in this study. Our results indicate that\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    CC94 serotype 4 strains are potentially pathogenic and virulent and should be monitored.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0288840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]],"date-time":"2023-07-27T13:45:45Z","timestamp":1690465545000},"page":"e0288840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Genomic characterization and virulence of Streptococcus suis serotype 4 clonal complex 94 recovered from human and swine samples"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Rujirat","family":"Hatrongjit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parichart","family":"Boueroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1555-401X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Piroon","family":"Jenjaroenpun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3659-2074","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thidathip","family":"Wongsurawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nattakan","family":"Meekhanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peechanika","family":"Chopjitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nahuel","family":"Fittipaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7176-2924","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sorujsiri","family":"Chareonsudjai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariela","family":"Segura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Gottschalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1055-3656","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anusak","family":"Kerdsin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0288840.ref001","first-page":"e45","article-title":"Streptococcus 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