{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T14:26:57Z","timestamp":1791037617009,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSP2023R376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP2023R376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31971180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31971180"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Shigella sonnei<\/jats:italic> is a gram-negative bacterium and is the primary cause of shigellosis in advanced countries. An exceptional rise in the prevalence of the disease has been reported in Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America. To date, no preventive vaccine is available against <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>sonnei<\/jats:italic> infections. This pathogen has shown resistances towards both first- and second-line antibiotics. Therefore, an effective broad spectrum vaccine development against shigellosis is indispensable. In the present study, vaccinomics-aided immunoinformatics strategies were pursued to identify potential vaccine candidates from the <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>sonnei<\/jats:italic> whole proteome data. Pathogen essential proteins that are non-homologous to human and human gut microbiome proteome set, are feasible candidates for this purpose. Three antigenic outer membrane proteins were prioritized to predict lead epitopes based on reverse vaccinology approach. Multi-epitope-based chimeric vaccines was designed using lead B- and T-cell epitopes combined with suitable linker and adjuvant peptide sequences to enhance immune responses against the designed vaccine. The SS-MEVC construct was prioritized based on multiple physicochemical, immunological properties, and immune-receptors docking scores. Immune simulation analysis predicted strong immunogenic response capability of the designed vaccine construct. The Molecular dynamic simulations analysis ensured stable molecular interactions of lead vaccine construct with the host receptors. <jats:italic>In silico<\/jats:italic> restriction and cloning analysis predicted feasible cloning capability of the SS-MEVC construct within the <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic> expression system. The proposed vaccine construct is predicted to be more safe, effective and capable of inducing robust immune responses against <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>sonnei<\/jats:italic> infections and may be worthy of examination via <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> assays.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0289773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T18:29:51Z","timestamp":1700677791000},"page":"e0289773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Vaccinomics-aided next-generation novel multi-epitope-based vaccine engineering against multidrug resistant Shigella Sonnei: Immunoinformatics and chemoinformatics approaches"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Aiman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1444-4249","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Asifullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1230-1666","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yasir","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musaed","family":"Alkholief","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suhail","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raham 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