{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T05:53:44Z","timestamp":1793253224268,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Urinary incontinence has an undeniable impact on the quality of life of affected women; however, talking about incontinence is not comfortable for many women, and they often hide it and do not seek treatment. Predictors affecting women\u2019s decisions to seek treatment in communities can be different. This study was designed to identify predictors of help-seeking behaviors among Iranian women with urinary incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted on 199 women with urinary incontinence who met the inclusion criteria by convenience sampling from the beginning of 2020 to the middle of 2021. The Incontinence Severity Index, Bradley\u2019s Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis, Medical Embarrassment Questionnaires, Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire, Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire, Barrier to Incontinence Care Seeking Questionnaire, Medical Help Seeking Scale, and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey were all self-administered data collection tools used in this study. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the relationship and prediction of help-seeking behaviors by other variables. To analyze the data, SPSS software version 20 was used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The variables of shame, barriers to care, social support, quality of life, and age were found to be predictors of help-seeking behavior in the research population of women with urinary incontinence. Help-seeking had a direct relationship with quality of life and an inverse relationship with other factors. Among these factors, shame has the greatest impact (P = 0\/001, \u03b2 = - 0\/37).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The extracted predictors, especially the variable of \"shame\" as the most important negative factor related to the treatment decisions of women with urinary incontinence, will help to health service providers to take into account these factors in the regular service provision programs that promote women\u2019s health, which are effective in facilitating the help-seeking of sufferers and correct guidance towards treatment or rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0289785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T13:30:38Z","timestamp":1691155838000},"page":"e0289785","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Predictors of help-seeking behaviors in women with urinary incontinence: Based on Iranian women\u2019s lens"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Fahimeh","family":"Rashidi Fakari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3368-0036","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sepideh","family":"Hajian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soodabeh","family":"Darvish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Alavi Majd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0289785.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2018.1543263","article-title":"The prevalence of urinary incontinence.","volume":"22","author":"I Milsom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"pone.0289785.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-020-01712-y","article-title":"Urinary incontinence and quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"D Pizzol","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging clinical and experimental research"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0289785.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sxmr.2019.06.009","article-title":"The impact of urinary incontinence on sexual function: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"LR Pinheiro Sobreira Bezerra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sexual Medicine Reviews"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0289785.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqi152","article-title":"Prevalence, management and impact of urinary incontinence in the workplace","volume":"55","author":"N Fultz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Occupational Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0289785.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2010.05422.x","article-title":"Beyond incontinence: the stigma of other urinary symptoms","volume":"66","author":"EA Elstad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of advanced nursing"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0289785.ref006","first-page":"1350","article-title":"Adult women\u2019s experiences of urinary incontinence: a systematic review of qualitative evidence","volume":"15","author":"A Mendes","year":"2017","journal-title":"JBI Evidence Synthesis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0289785.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12120","article-title":"Coping and Help\u2010Seeking Behaviors for Management of Urinary Incontinence","volume":"9","author":"D Bilgi\u00e7","year":"2017","journal-title":"LUTS: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0289785.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1053\/beog.1999.0078","article-title":"Coping strategies for women with urinary incontinence","volume":"14","author":"K. 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