{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T22:45:25Z","timestamp":1792449925281,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Undernutrition and anemia are significant public health issues among under-5 children, with potential long-term consequences for growth, development, and overall health. Thus, this study aims to conduct a bivariate binary logistic regression model by accounting for the possible dependency of childhood undernutrition and anemia.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The data came from the DHS program\u2019s measurement. A total of 3,206 under-five children were involved in this study. A single composite index measure was calculated for stunting, wasting, and underweight using principal component analysis. A bivariate binary logistic regression model is used to assess the association between undernutrition and anemia given the effect of other predictors.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Among 3,206 under-five children considered in this study, 1482 (46.2%) and 658 (20.5%) children were agonized by anemia and undernutrition, respectively. In bivariate binary logistic regression model; Urban children [AOR = 0.751, 96% CI: 0.573\u20130.984; AOR = 0.663, 95% CI: 0.456\u20130.995] and anemic mothers [AOR = 1.160, 95% CI: 1.104\u20131.218; AOR = 1.663, 95% CI: 1.242\u20132.225] were significantly associated with both childhood anemia and undernutrition, respectively. Improved water sources [AOR = 0.681, 95% CI: 0.446\u20130.996], average-sized children [AOR = 0.567, 95% CI: 0.462\u20130.696], and diarrhea [AOR = 1.134, 95% CI: 1.120\u20132.792] were significantly associated with childhood anemia. Large-sized children [AOR = 0.882, 95% CI: 0.791\u20130.853] and those with fever [AOR = 1.152, 95% CI: 1.312\u20132.981] were significantly associated with under-five children\u2019s undernutrition.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The prevalence of both undernutrition and anemia among under-five-year-old children was high in Rwanda. The following determinants are statistically associated with both childhood undernutrition and anemia: place of residence; source of drinking water; maternal anemia; being a twin; birth size of children; diarrhea; fever; and child age. Anemia and nutritional deficiencies must be treated concurrently under one program, with evidence-based policies aimed at vulnerable populations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0290111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T16:25:36Z","timestamp":1712334336000},"page":"e0290111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Determinants of coexistence of undernutrition and anemia among under-five children in Rwanda; evidence from 2019\/20 demographic health survey: Application of bivariate binary logistic regression model"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9253-7099","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abebew Aklog","family":"Asmare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yitateku Adugna","family":"Agmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0290111.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-12690-3","article-title":"Joint modelling of anaemia and stunting in children less than five years of age in Lesotho: a cross-sectional case study","volume":"22","author":"R.T. 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