{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T03:26:25Z","timestamp":1793417185814,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In light of evidence that housing-related disparities in mortality are worsening over time, this study aimed to explore the perspectives of experts working in homeless health and addiction services on priority healthcare needs amongst people experiencing homelessness in Dublin, Ireland, a city facing problematic increases in homelessness. As part of a larger qualitative study, a series of semi-structured interviews were carried out with 19 community experts followed by inductive thematic framework analysis to identify emergent themes and sub-themes relating to priority healthcare needs. At the societal level, community experts identified a need to promote a culture that values health equity. At the policy level, accelerating action in addressing health inequalities was recommended with an emphasis on strategic planning, Housing First, social support options, interagency collaboration, improved data linkage and sharing, and auditing. At the health services level, removing barriers to access will require the provision of more and safer mental health, addiction, women-centred, and general practice services; resolved care pathways in relation to crisis points and multi-morbidity; expanded trauma-informed education and training and hospital-led Inclusion Health programmes; and outreach programmes and peer support for chronic disease management. The voices of people experiencing homelessness, including representatives from specific homeless groups such as migrants, youth, and the elderly, must be thoroughly embedded into health and social service design and delivery to facilitate impactful change.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0290599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T13:55:06Z","timestamp":1702562106000},"page":"e0290599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Priority healthcare needs amongst people experiencing homelessness in Dublin, Ireland: A qualitative evaluation of community expert experiences and opinions"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3789-1463","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carolyn","family":"Ingram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isobel","family":"MacNamara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conor","family":"Buggy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Perrotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0290599.ref001","unstructured":"Health Equity [cited 2023 Sep 20]. In: Topics [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: Pan American Health Organisation. Available from: https:\/\/www.paho.org\/en\/topics\/health-equity"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref002","unstructured":"Understanding Homelessness [cited 2023 Sep 20].[Internet]. Dublin: Simon Communities in Ireland. Available from: https:\/\/www.simon.ie\/understanding-homelessness\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0290599.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e023010","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023010","article-title":"Five-year standardised mortality ratios in a cohort of homeless people in Dublin","volume":"9","author":"JH Ivers","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"9953","key":"pone.0290599.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61132-6","article-title":"The health of homeless people in high-income countries: descriptive epidemiology, health consequences, and clinical and policy recommendations","volume":"384","author":"S Fazel","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref005","article-title":"Homelessness and health-related outcomes in the Republic of Ireland: a systematic review, meta-analysis and evidence map","author":"C Ingram","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Public Health (Berl)"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0290599.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-019-1002-6","article-title":"Making sense of street chaos: an ethnographic exploration of homeless people\u2019s health service utilization","volume":"18","author":"A O\u2019Carroll","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref007","unstructured":"Annett H, Rifkin SB. Guidelines for rapid participatory appraisals to assess community health needs: a focus on health improvements for low-income urban and rural areas. World Health Organization; 1995. Report No.: WHO\/SHS\/DHS\/95.8."},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref008","first-page":"73","volume-title":"Ending Homelessness?","author":"Bristol University Press","year":"2020","edition":"1"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2020.102966","article-title":"Harm reduction in the time of COVID-19: Case study of homelessness and drug use in Dublin, Ireland","volume":"87","author":"A O\u2019Carroll","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Drug Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0290599.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-08983-3","article-title":"A scoping review of community health needs and assets assessment: concepts, rationale, tools and uses","volume":"23","author":"H Ravaghi","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Health Services Research"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref011","unstructured":"Homeless Health Needs Assessment toolkit: Assessing single homeless people\u2019s health needs in your locality. 2018 [cited 2023 Sep 20]. In: Guides, Toolkits. [Internet] London: Healthy London Partnership 2018. Available from: https:\/\/www.transformationpartners.nhs.uk\/resource\/london-homeless-health-needs-assessment-toolkit\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0290599.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-13499-w","article-title":"Unmet health needs and barriers to health care among people experiencing homelessness in San Francisco\u2019s Mission District: a qualitative study","volume":"22","author":"AL Thorndike","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"139","key":"pone.0290599.ref013","article-title":"Primary healthcare needs and barriers to care among Calgary\u2019s homeless populations","volume":"16","author":"D Campbell","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Family Practice"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref014","author":"C. Ingram","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exploring health and health care needs amongst marginalised Dublin communities: formative research with a community health centre"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0290599.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839916634404","article-title":"The Power of Community Voices for Enhancing Community Health Needs Assessments","volume":"18","author":"CL Cain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health Promotion Practice"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref016","unstructured":"Government of Ireland. Housing Act. No. 28 (1988) [Internet]."},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref017","unstructured":"Monthly Report to Dublin City Councillors on Homelessness. Dublin, Ireland: Dublin Regional Homeless Executive; 2023 Aug."},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref018","unstructured":"Week long assessment of rough sleepers in the Dublin Region. Dublin, Ireland: Dublin Regional Homeless Executive; 2023 May."},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref019","unstructured":"Hidden Homelessness. 2022 Aug [cited 2023 Jan 5]. In: Archives: Publication [Internet]. Dublin, Ireland: Simon Communities. Available from: https:\/\/www.simon.ie\/e-publication\/hidden-homelessness\/"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref020","volume-title":"Deaths among people who were homeless at the time of death in Ireland, 2019","author":"Health Research Board","year":"2023"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref021","volume-title":"Essential Ethnographic Methods: a Mixed Methods Approach","author":"Altamira Press","year":"2013"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0290599.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-013-0528-y","article-title":"Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research","volume":"42","author":"LA Palinkas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adm Policy Ment Health"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref023","unstructured":"Informed consent. 2021 Dec [cited 2023 Aug 10]. In: Governance & integrity, Research ethics (including CUREC), Resources for researchers preparing an application [Internet]. Oxford, UK: University of Oxford. Available from: https:\/\/researchsupport.admin.ox.ac.uk\/governance\/ethics\/resources\/consent"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref024","volume-title":"Community Health Needs Assessment: An introductory guide for the family health nurse in Europe","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2001"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0290599.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406917733847","article-title":"Thematic Analysis: Striving to Meet the Trustworthiness Criteria","volume":"16","author":"LS Nowell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Qual Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0290599.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-117","article-title":"Using the framework method for the analysis of qualitative data in multi-disciplinary health research","volume":"13","author":"NK Gale","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref027","volume-title":"Transforming Qualitative Data: Description, Analysis, and Interpretation","author":"HF Wolcott","year":"1994"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref028","unstructured":"Baciu A, Negussie Y, et al. The Need to Promote Health Equity. In: Negussie Y, Geller A, et al., editors. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity. US: National Academies Press; 2017."},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref029","unstructured":"Community Tools to Promote Health Equity. In: Negussie Y, Geller A, et al., editors. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity. US: National Academies Press; 2017."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0290599.ref030","first-page":"1","article-title":"Health care for homeless people","volume":"7","author":"M Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0290599.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0231758","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231758","article-title":"Establishing need and population priorities to improve the health of homeless and vulnerably housed women, youth, and men: A Delphi consensus study","volume":"15","author":"ES Shoemaker","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0290599.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-009-9388-x","article-title":"Multidimensional Social Support and the Health of Homeless Individuals","volume":"86","author":"SW Hwang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Urban Health"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref033","unstructured":"Jacquemard T. eHealth in Ireland: Social and Ethical Values in Irish Policy on eHealth. Dublin: House of the Oireachtas; 2021."},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61133-8","article-title":"Health interventions for people who are homeless","volume":"384","author":"SW Hwang","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0290599.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1017\/S0047279412000220","article-title":"Re-conceptualising Approaches to Meeting the Health Needs of Homeless People","volume":"41","author":"I Anderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Social Policy"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref036","unstructured":"Brugha R, Cronin F, Clarke N. Retaining our Doctors: Medical Workforce Evidence 2013\u201318. Dublin: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0290599.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3748-2","article-title":"HepCheck Dublin\u201d: an intensified hepatitis C screening programme in a homeless population demonstrates the need for alternative models of care","volume":"19","author":"JS Lambert","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0290599.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1080\/14739879.2019.1670738","article-title":"Medicine on the margins. An innovative GP training programme prepares GPs for work with underserved communities","volume":"30","author":"A O Carroll","year":"2019","journal-title":"Education for Primary Care"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref039","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Development of an Inclusion Health Integrated Care Programme for Homeless Adults in Dublin, Ireland","volume":"18","author":"CN Cheallaigh","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Integrated Care (IJIC)"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0290599.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-020-01206-3","article-title":"Research priorities in healthcare of persons experiencing homelessness: outcomes of a national multi-disciplinary stakeholder discussion in the United Kingdom","volume":"19","author":"P Jagpal","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal for Equity in Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0290599.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648221109747","article-title":"Associations between Homelessness and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Related Dementia: A Systematic Review","volume":"41","author":"GM Babulal","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Appl Gerontol"},{"key":"pone.0290599.ref042","volume-title":"The Experience and Risk of Homelessness for People with Intellectual Disability and\/or Autism and their Families in Dublin: A Mixed Methods Study","author":"Trinity College Dublin","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0290599","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T13:55:30Z","timestamp":1702562130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0290599"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Adetayo","family":"Olorunlana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0290599","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2023.08.16.23294070","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]]}}}