{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T16:00:40Z","timestamp":1778169640012,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004253","name":"Quaid-i-Azam University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004253","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>More than 23 Trichuroidea species have been identified in ruminants in different parts of the world. Most are pathogenic, causing trichurosis. <jats:italic>Trichuris<\/jats:italic> adults of most species within this family have a predilection for the ceca, where they may cause damage to the epithelial wall. In the present study, <jats:italic>Trichuris<\/jats:italic> spp. from large intestine of goats were analysed based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Fifty adult worms (male = 25 and female = 25) were selected for morphometric and molecular analysis. Male <jats:italic>Trichuris<\/jats:italic> were distinguished by their longer spicules, typical spicule sheaths, and small spicules that were always completely covered by the spicule sheath. The presence of an uneverted vulva in the vagina distinguished female worms. We have performed the molecular characterisation of adult warms to identify as <jats:italic>Trichuris skrjabini<\/jats:italic>. Genetic comparison of <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>skrjabini<\/jats:italic> rDNA ITS2 sequences with those from other <jats:italic>Trichuris<\/jats:italic> spp. was performed to assess within and between species variation and validate the use of ITS-2 rDNA as a robust species-specific marker for <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>skrjabini<\/jats:italic> identification. This work provides the first report of this parasite species from Pakistan and validated species-specific marker of <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>skrjabini<\/jats:italic> that reduces the production potential of goats in the country.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0290906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T17:30:32Z","timestamp":1693589432000},"page":"e0290906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A new record of the occurrence of Trichuris skrjabini Baskakov, 1924 in goats of Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3979-7606","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kiran","family":"Afshan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabahat","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bilal","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sobia","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabika","family":"Firasat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghulam","family":"Narjis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umer","family":"Chaudhry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0290906.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1079\/9780851994215.0000","volume-title":"Nematode parasites of vertebrates: their development and transmission","author":"RC Anderson","year":"2000","edition":"2"},{"key":"pone.0290906.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.2307\/3278464","article-title":"Trichuris oreamnos sp. n. from the mountain goat, Oreamnos americanus (Blainville), in British Columbia, Canada, and a key to trichurids in North American ruminants.","author":"RA Knight","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"pone.0290906.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.11.033","article-title":"16S partial gene mitochondrial DNA and internal transcribed spacers ribosomal DNA as differential markers of Trichuris discolor populations","volume":"186","author":"R Callej\u00f3n","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"pone.0290906.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-018-5841-7","article-title":"Long-Term Occurrence of Trichuris Species in Wild Ruminants in the Czech Republic","volume":"117","author":"S Nechybova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"pone.0290906.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761990000200012","article-title":"A new species of whipworm from a South American hystricomorph rodent","volume":"85","author":"BB Babero","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"pone.0290906.ref006","first-page":"39","article-title":"Three new species of the genus Trichuris Roederer, 1761 (Nematoda: Trichuridae) from cricetidae and octodontidae rodents in Argentina.","volume":"54","author":"DM Suriano","year":"1994","journal-title":"Res Rev Parasitol."},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0290906.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00008519","article-title":"Characterization of four species of Trichuris (Nematoda: Enoplida) by their second internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA sequence","volume":"86","author":"R Oliveros","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasitology Res"},{"key":"pone.0290906.ref008","first-page":"3461","article-title":"Taxonomy and phylogeny of Trichuris globulosa Von Linstow, 1901 from camels. 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