{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:10Z","timestamp":1788825610122,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant No. 23K05930"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 23K05930"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant No. 19K04064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 19K04064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Our recent success in the long-term maintenance of lantern shark embryos in artificial uterine systems has provided a novel option for the medical treatment of premature embryos for captive viviparous elasmobranchs. The remaining issue with this system is that the embryos cannot survive the abrupt change in the chemical environment from artificial uterine fluid (AUF) to seawater during delivery. To overcome this issue, the present study developed a new protocol for seawater adaptation, which is characterized by a long-term and stepwise shift from AUF to seawater prior to delivery. This protocol was employed successfully, and the specimen survived for more than seven months after delivery, the longest captive record of the species. During the experiment, we unexpectedly detected bioluminescence of the embryonic lantern shark in the artificial uterus. This observation indicates that lantern sharks can produce luciferin, a substance for bioluminescence. This contradicts the recent hypothesis that lantern sharks lack the ability to produce luciferin and use luciferin obtained from food sources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0291224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T17:21:33Z","timestamp":1695835293000},"page":"e0291224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Successful delivery of viviparous lantern shark from an artificial uterus and the self-production of lantern shark luciferin"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9924-6566","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Taketeru","family":"Tomita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Toda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyomi","family":"Murakumo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0291224.ref001","volume-title":"The Sharks of North America","author":"JI Castro","year":"2011"},{"key":"pone.0291224.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1002\/zoo.20422","article-title":"Construction and test of an artificial uterus for ex situ development of shark embryos","volume":"31","author":"NM Otway","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zoo Biology"},{"key":"pone.0291224.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825354","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.825354","article-title":"Five-month incubation of viviparous deep-water shark embryos in artificial uterine fluid","volume":"9","author":"T Tomita","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Marine Science"},{"key":"pone.0291224.ref004","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Bioluminescence in Focus\u2013A Collection of Illuminating Essays","author":"JM Claes","year":"2009"},{"key":"pone.0291224.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1071\/MF10138","article-title":"Uterine fluid composition of the dwarf ornate wobbegong shark (Orectolobus ornatus) during gestation","volume":"62","author":"MT Ellis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Marine and Freshwater Research"},{"key":"pone.0291224.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.137.1.443","article-title":"Time course of the establishment of uterine seawater conditions in late-term pregnant spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias)","volume":"137","author":"GA Kormanik","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"key":"pone.0291224.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36413-0","article-title":"Molecular ontogeny of the stomach in the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula","volume":"9","author":"O Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"pone.0291224.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2019.04.010","article-title":"Etmopterus spinax, the velvet belly lanternshark, does not use bacterial luminescence","volume":"121","author":"L Duchatelet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Histochemica"},{"key":"pone.0291224.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2021.09.007","article-title":"Etmopterus lantern sharks use coelenterazine as the substrate for their luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence system","volume":"577","author":"G Mizuno","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"key":"pone.0291224.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jembe.2013.07.010","article-title":"First study of the chemistry of the luminous system in a deep-sea shark, Etmopterus spinax Linnaeus, 1758","volume":"448","author":"M Renwart","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology"},{"key":"pone.0291224.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2008.02006.x","article-title":"Early development of bioluminescence suggests camouflage by counter-illumination in the velvet belly lantern shark Etmopterus spinax (Squaloidea: Etmopteridae)","volume":"73","author":"JM Claes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Biology"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0291224","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T17:21:49Z","timestamp":1695835309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0291224"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Mohammed Fouad","family":"El Basuini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0291224","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]}}}