{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T14:39:50Z","timestamp":1780411190840,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG059416"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG059416"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG059416"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG059416"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG059416"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG059416"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIA","award":["P30AG024827"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AG024827"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007154","name":"Wake Forest University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30AG021332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AG021332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007154","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UL1 0TR001420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 0TR001420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23EY030897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23EY030897"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\"><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The relationship of types of visual function to different aspects of physical function, especially strength and coordination, has been understudied, but delineation of these relationships could suggest potentially modifiable targets prior to the onset of disability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec002\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross-sectional analysis of visual function (self-reported eyesight and eye disease, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity) and physical function tests in 877 older adults (mean age 76.36\u00b15.01 years, 59.2% women, and 13.3% Black race). Separate linear regression models were constructed for short physical performance battery (SPPB), expanded SPPB (eSPPB), their components (gait speed, chair stand, balance, narrow walk), stair climb, four-square step, leg extension peak power and strength, and grip strength.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec003\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In adjusted models, worse acuity, worse contrast sensitivity, and self-reported poor vision were significantly associated with worse performance on the eSPPB and four-square step test. Worse contrast sensitivity, but not acuity, was significantly associated with shorter balance times, slower chair stand pace, longer stair climb time, and worse SPPB score. Associations of worse acuity and contrast sensitivity with weaker leg extension power, leg strength, and grip strength were attenuated by covariate adjustment. Self-reported macular degeneration, but not cataract or glaucoma, was associated with worse performance on SPPB, eSPPB, balance, stair climb, and four-square step tests in adjusted models. Worse contrast sensitivity and macular degeneration remained associated with worse SPPB and balance after controlling for visual acuity and self-reported eyesight.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec004\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Poor contrast sensitivity was more strongly associated with worse physical performance than acuity, especially for complex tasks that dynamically challenge coordination and balance. Future studies should examine if older adults with contrast sensitivity impairment would benefit from targeted intervention to decrease their risk of disability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0292079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T17:37:32Z","timestamp":1695836252000},"page":"e0292079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The relationship between visual function and physical performance in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2817-6417","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Atalie C.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeff D.","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne B.","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Cummings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peggy","family":"Cawthon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Kritchevsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0292079.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gln001","article-title":"Physical activity as a preventative factor for frailty: the health, aging, and body composition study.","volume":"64","author":"MJ Peterson","year":"2009","journal-title":"The journals of gerontology Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0292079.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M85","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.2.M85","article-title":"A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission","volume":"49","author":"JM Guralnik","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of gerontology"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0292079.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M644","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.10.M644","article-title":"Measuring higher level physical function in well-functioning older adults: expanding familiar approaches in the Health ABC study.","volume":"56","author":"EM Simonsick","year":"2001","journal-title":"The journals of gerontology Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0292079.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2008.04.006","article-title":"Biomarkers of aging and falling: the Beaver Dam eye study.","volume":"49","author":"MD Knudtson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0292079.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503233321202","article-title":"Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. 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