{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T13:04:50Z","timestamp":1777035890717,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009330","name":"Society of Addiction Psychology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32DA019426"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DA019426"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32DA022975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DA022975"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Connecting individuals to recovery support services such as recovery community centers and mutual help organizations can be crucial for sustaining recovery from addiction. However, there may be barriers to engagement with recovery support services on individual (e.g., limited motivation) and structural (e.g., limited information on recovery resources) levels. This pilot study will determine the feasibility and acceptability of a novel online social support intervention (<jats:italic>Let\u2019s Do Addiction Recovery Together<\/jats:italic>!, abbreviated as <jats:italic>LDART<\/jats:italic>) that uses pre-recorded videos created by members from several recovery support services to help individuals in early recovery from hazardous alcohol use sustain motivation during recovery and introduce them to freely available recovery support services in the community.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This will be a non-randomized mixed-method pilot study. We will recruit 30 adults who engaged in past-year hazardous alcohol use and have some desire to cut down or quit to use LDART every night for a month. A subset of these participants will be invited to participate in a semi-structured qualitative interview after completing the study. Primary outcomes will be feasibility parameters such as recruitment and retention rates, and acceptability measures such as frequency of intervention use. Secondary outcomes will include self-reported changes in alcohol use, engagement in recovery support services, and quality of life at one-month post-intervention relative to baseline.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Results of this pilot study will inform a randomized controlled trial to examine efficacy of this intervention, with the goal of creating an accessible and scalable intervention that has direct benefits on individuals who want to cut down or quit problematic alcohol use.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov ID: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT06022107\" xlink:type=\"simple\">NCT06022107<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0292293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T17:26:32Z","timestamp":1696526792000},"page":"e0292293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A non-randomized pilot study protocol of a novel social support intervention for individuals in early recovery from hazardous alcohol use"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8862-6715","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Li Yan","family":"McCurdy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suchitra","family":"Krishnan-Sarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian D.","family":"Kiluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc N.","family":"Potenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0292293.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17072610","article-title":"Substance Abuse and Public Health: A Multilevel Perspective and Multiple Responses","volume":"17","author":"TW Lo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0292293.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.11406","article-title":"Diagnosis and Pharmacotherapy of Alcohol Use Disorder: A Review","volume":"320","author":"HR Kranzler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.09.028","article-title":"Prevalence and pathways of recovery from drug and alcohol problems in the United States population: Implications for practice, research, and policy","volume":"181","author":"JF Kelly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0292293.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1080\/10810730.2017.1303556","article-title":"A systematic review of the mHealth interventions to prevent alcohol and substance abuse","volume":"22","author":"DM Kazemi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of health communication"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-072720-014802","article-title":"Mechanisms of Behavior Change in Substance Use Disorder With and Without Formal Treatment","volume":"18","author":"K Witkiewitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0292293.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2021.1986243","article-title":"Individual and Community Social Determinants of Health and Recovery from Alcohol Use Disorder Three Years following Treatment","volume":"53","author":"JE Swan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Psychoactive Drugs"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0292293.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"09","DOI":"10.35946\/arcr.v41.1.09","article-title":"Recovery-Oriented Systems of Care: A Perspective on the Past, Present, and Future","volume":"41","author":"L Davidson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alcohol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0292293.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15732","article-title":"The science of recovery capital: where do we go from here?","volume":"117","author":"D Best","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0292293.ref009","first-page":"22","article-title":"Recovery capital: A primer for addictions professionals","volume":"9","author":"W White","year":"2008","journal-title":"Counselor"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.05.038","article-title":"Alcohol use disorder relapse factors: A systematic review","volume":"278","author":"W Sliedrecht","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0292293.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.59.4.224","article-title":"Relapse prevention for alcohol and drug problems: that was Zen, this is Tao","volume":"59","author":"K Witkiewitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"American psychologist"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0292293.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.5.810","article-title":"Using transtheoretical model profiles to differentiate levels of alcohol abstinence success","volume":"68","author":"JP Carbonari","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref013","first-page":"12","article-title":"The Strengths and Barriers Recovery Scale (SABRS): Relationships Matter in Building Strengths and Overcoming Barriers","author":"D Best","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0292293.ref014","first-page":"475","article-title":"\u2019It\u2019s not 9 to 5 recovery\u2019: the role of a recovery community in producing social bonds that support recovery","volume":"28","author":"M Anderson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drugs (Abingdon Engl)"},{"issue":"13","key":"pone.0292293.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.13.1689","article-title":"Drug dependence, a chronic medical illness: implications for treatment, insurance, and outcomes evaluation","volume":"284","author":"AT McLellan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0292293.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.5350\/DAJPN2010230203t","article-title":"Factors related with relapse in male alcohol dependents: 12 months follow-up study","volume":"23","author":"C Evren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref017","first-page":"500","volume-title":"Addictions: A comprehensive guidebook","author":"JF Kelly","year":"2013","edition":"2"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2016.10.004","article-title":"Comparison of 12-step groups to mutual help alternatives for AUD in a large, national study: Differences in membership characteristics and group participation, cohesion, and satisfaction","volume":"73","author":"SE Zemore","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2018.02.004","article-title":"A longitudinal study of the comparative efficacy of Women for Sobriety, LifeRing, SMART Recovery, and 12-step groups for those with AUD","volume":"88","author":"SE Zemore","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2021.108287","article-title":"Recovery community centers: Characteristics of new attendees and longitudinal investigation of the predictors and effects of participation","volume":"124","author":"JF Kelly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0292293.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.21090963","article-title":"Defining Recovery From Alcohol Use Disorder: Development of an NIAAA Research Definition","volume":"179","author":"BT Hagman","year":"2022","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108213","article-title":"Impact of 12 step mutual help groups on drug use disorder patients across six clinical trials","volume":"215","author":"K Humphreys","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0292293.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00165.x","article-title":"A 3-Year Study of Addiction Mutual-help Group Participation Following Intensive Outpatient Treatment","volume":"30","author":"JF Kelly","year":"2006","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01052","article-title":"Lived Experience in New Models of Care for Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review of Peer Recovery Support Services and Recovery Coaching","volume":"10","author":"D Eddie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0292293.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14600","article-title":"The phenotype of recovery V: Does delay discounting predict the perceived risk of relapse among individuals in recovery from alcohol and drug use disorders","volume":"45","author":"JK Turner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2020_145","article-title":"Reinforcer Pathology: Implications for Substance Abuse Intervention","volume":"47","author":"WK Bickel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Top Behav Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0292293.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s40614-019-00218-x","article-title":"Linking Delay Discounting and Substance Use Disorders: Genotypes and Phenotypes","volume":"42","author":"SH Mitchell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Perspect Behav Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0292293.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(73)90072-7","article-title":"A community-reinforcement approach to alcoholism","volume":"11","author":"GM Hunt","year":"1973","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0292293.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1971.28.2.575","article-title":"Alcoholism: Controlled drinking and incentives for abstinence","volume":"28","author":"M Cohen","year":"1971","journal-title":"Psychological Reports"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0292293.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002715","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002715","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychosocial interventions for individuals with cocaine and amphetamine addiction: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"F De Crescenzo","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0292293.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2022.2068805","article-title":"Rewarding recovery: the time is now for contingency management for opioid use disorder","volume":"54","author":"SL Proctor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623032","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.623032","article-title":"Isolation, Solitude and Social Distancing for People Who Use Drugs: An Ethnographic Perspective","volume":"11","author":"L Roe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7586","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e7586","article-title":"SPIRIT 2013 explanation and elaboration: guidance for protocols of clinical trials","volume":"346","author":"AW Chan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref034","volume-title":"AUDIT: the alcohol use disorders identification test: guidelines for use in primary health care","author":"O World Health","year":"2001","edition":"2"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-104","article-title":"An audit of sample sizes for pilot and feasibility trials being undertaken in the United Kingdom registered in the United Kingdom Clinical Research Network database","volume":"13","author":"SA Billingham","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0292293.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(82)90005-3","article-title":"The drug abuse screening test","volume":"7","author":"HA Skinner","year":"1982","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0292293.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.10.2.81","article-title":"Assessing drinkers\u2019 motivation for change: The Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES)","volume":"10","author":"WR Miller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"pone.0292293.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa5503&4_17","article-title":"Psychometric characteristics of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support","volume":"55","author":"GD Zimet","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0292293.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e066898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-066898","article-title":"An investigation of SMART Recovery: protocol for a longitudinal cohort study of individuals making a new recovery attempt from alcohol use disorder","volume":"13","author":"JF Kelly","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0292293.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1080\/07347324.2011.586280","article-title":"Facilitating comprehensive assessment of 12-step experiences: A Multidimensional Measure of Mutual-Help Activity","volume":"29","author":"JF Kelly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alcohol Treat Q"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0292293.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1037\/pha0000151","article-title":"An open-label pilot study of an intervention using mobile phones to deliver contingency management of tobacco abstinence to high school students","volume":"25","author":"G Kong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref042","first-page":"41","volume-title":"Timeline follow-back: A technique for assessing self-reported alcohol consumption. Measuring alcohol consumption: Psychosocial and biochemical methods","author":"LC Sobell","year":"1992"},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref043","unstructured":"World Health O. The World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQOL)\u2014BREF. Geneva: World Health Organization2004 2004 Contract No.: WHO\/HIS\/HSI Rev.2012.02."},{"key":"pone.0292293.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.022","article-title":"Development and validation of a Brief Assessment of Recovery Capital (BARC-10) for alcohol and drug use disorder","volume":"177","author":"CL Vilsaint","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0292293.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-021-01090-7","article-title":"A systematic review of evidence-based practice implementation in drug and alcohol settings: applying the consolidated framework for implementation research framework","volume":"16","author":"E Louie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Implementation Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0292293.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03755.x","article-title":"Dissemination of evidence-based practices: how far we\u2019ve come, and how much further we\u2019ve got to go","volume":"107","author":"KM Carroll","year":"2012","journal-title":"Addiction (Abingdon, England)"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0292293","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T17:27:23Z","timestamp":1696526843000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0292293"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Carels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0292293","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]}}}