{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T21:49:34Z","timestamp":1784670574027,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#3UH3DA050251-03S1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#3UH3DA050251-03S1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000862","name":"Doris Duke Charitable Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20220145"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220145"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013043","name":"Yale Center for Clinical Investigation, Yale School of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR001863"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR001863"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013043","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Suicide is among the top three causes of adolescent mortality. There is a scarcity of research examining cannabis use and suicidal behavior in adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To determine the association between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and suicide attempt\/self-harm in a hospitalized sample of adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional observation study using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample collected over four years from January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2019. We included adolescents aged 10\u201319 hospitalized during the above period (N = 807,105). The primary outcome was suicide attempt\/self-harm and the main predictor was CUD. The International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision (ICD 10) diagnostic codes was used to identify a diagnosis of CUD, suicide attempt\/self-harm, and other diagnoses included in the analyses. Adolescents diagnosed with CUD (n = 53,751) were compared to adolescents without CUD (n = 753,354). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to determine the association between CUD and suicide attempts\/self-harm.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>807,105 adolescent hospitalizations were analyzed, of which 6.9% had CUD. Adolescents with CUD were more likely to be older (17 years vs. 15 years), female (52% vs. 48%), have depression (44% vs. 17%), anxiety (32% vs. 13%), an eating disorder (1.9% vs. 1.2%), ADHD (16.3% vs. 9.1%), Conduct Disorder (4.1% vs. 1.3%), Alcohol Use Disorder (11.9% vs. 0.8%), Nicotine Use Disorder (31.1% vs. 4.1%), Cocaine Use Disorder (5.4% vs. 0.2%), Stimulant Use Disorder (0.8% vs. 0.4%) and report suicide attempts\/self-harm (2.8% vs. 0.9%) [all ps&lt;0.001]. After adjusting for potential confounders, CUD was associated with a higher risk of suicide attempts\/self-harm (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.3\u20131.6, p &lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Post-hoc analyses showed the presence of depression moderated the association between CUD and suicide attempts\/self-harm in that adolescents with CUD and depression had 2.4 times the odds of suicide attempt\/self-harm compared to those with CUD but no depression after controlling for potential confounders (p&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our study provides evidence for the association between CUD and suicide risk among hospitalized adolescents and underscores the importance of recognizing and addressing co-occurring mental and substance use disorders along with CUD to mitigate suicide risk. Identifying high-risk adolescents in inpatient settings provides an opportunity for intervention.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0292922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T17:30:19Z","timestamp":1697563819000},"page":"e0292922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cannabis use disorder, suicide attempts, and self-harm among adolescents: A national inpatient study across the United States"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Adeolu Funso","family":"Oladunjoye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elijah","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5792-3605","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kammarauche","family":"Aneni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edore","family":"Onigu-Otite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0292922.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6708a1","article-title":"Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance \u2010 United States, 2017","volume":"67","author":"L Kann","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"pone.0292922.ref002","article-title":"Mortality Among Teenagers Aged 12\u201319 Years: United States, 1999\u20132006. 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