{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T11:46:49Z","timestamp":1773229609376,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HL13950"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL13950"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101 BX002551"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101 BX002551"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u03b22-glycoprotein I (\u03b22-Gp1) is a cardiolipin-binding plasma glycoprotein. It is evolutionarily conserved from invertebrates, and cardiolipin-bound \u03b22-Gp1 is a major target of antiphospholipid antibodies seen in autoimmune disorders. Cardiolipin is almost exclusively present in mitochondria, and mitochondria are present in circulating blood. We show that \u03b22-Gp1 binds to cell-free mitochondria (CFM) in the circulation and promotes its phagocytosis by macrophages at physiological plasma concentrations. Exogenous CFM had a short circulation time of less than 10 minutes in mice. Following infusion of CFM, \u03b22-Gp1-deficient mice had significantly higher levels of transfused mitochondria at 5 minutes (9.9 \u00b1 6.4 pg\/ml versus 4.0 \u00b1 2.3 pg\/ml in wildtype, p = 0.01) and at 10 minutes (3.0 \u00b1 3.6 pg\/ml versus 1.0 \u00b1 0.06 pg\/ml in wild-type, p = 0.033, n = 10). In addition, the splenic macrophages had less phagocytosed CFM in \u03b22-Gp1-deficient mice (24.4 \u00b1 2.72% versus 35.6 \u00b1 3.5 in wild-type, p = 0.001, n = 5). A patient with abnormal \u03b22-Gp1, unable to bind cardiolipin, has increased CFM in blood (5.09 pg\/ml versus 1.26 \u00b1 1.35 in normal) and his plasma induced less phagocytosis of CFM by macrophages (47.3 \u00b1 1.6% versus 54.3 \u00b1 1.3, p = 0.01) compared to normal plasma. These results show the evolutionarily conserved \u03b22-Gp1 is one of the mediators of the clearance of CFM in circulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0293304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T18:23:20Z","timestamp":1706207000000},"page":"e0293304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["\u03b22-glycoprotein I promotes the clearance of circulating mitochondria"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Swapan Kumar","family":"Dasgupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jahnavi","family":"Gollamudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ross 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