{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:35:33Z","timestamp":1791938133258,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beryl Alexander Charity","award":["Sponsor reference: W1168; Award number: 183885"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Sponsor reference: W1168; Award number: 183885"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Reference COV-LT-0022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Reference COV-LT-0022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014013","name":"UK Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Reference COV-LT-0022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Reference COV-LT-0022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Research on the long-term impact on COVID-19 in children and young people (CYP) has been published at pace. We aimed to update and refine an earlier systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the current evidence for Post-COVID-19 Condition in CYP.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Studies from the previous systematic review were combined with studies from a systematic search from July 2021 to November 2022 (registration PROSPERO CRD42021233153). Eligible studies included CYP aged \u226419 years with confirmed or probable SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptoms persisting at least 12 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>55 studies (n = 1,139,299 participants) were included. Over two-hundred symptoms were associated with Post COVID-19 Condition. Gastrointestinal problems, headaches, cough and fever were among the most prevalent symptoms with rates of 50.2%, 35.6%, 34.7% and 25.8% respectively. Twenty-one symptoms from 11 studies were suitable for meta-analysis. There were significantly higher pooled estimates of proportions of symptoms for altered \/ loss of smell or taste, dyspnoea, fatigue, and myalgia in CYP with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Heterogeneity was high suggesting substantial variation amongst the included studies.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Many CYP continue to experience symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Efforts to aid early identification and intervention of those most in need is warranted and the consequences of COVID-19 for CYP call for long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0293600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T18:26:28Z","timestamp":1703787988000},"page":"e0293600","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Persistent symptoms are associated with long term effects of COVID-19 among children and young people: Results from a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled studies"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Sanaz","family":"Behnood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3078-7281","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fiona","family":"Newlands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"O\u2019Mahoney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahta","family":"Haghighat Ghahfarokhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Z.","family":"Muhid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9857-9285","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jake","family":"Dudley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terence","family":"Stephenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamez N.","family":"Ladhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell M.","family":"Viner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rowan","family":"Bhopal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paige","family":"Kolasinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roz","family":"Shafran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7386-2849","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Olivia V.","family":"Swann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0293600.ref001","first-page":"158","article-title":"Persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection amongst children and young people: A meta-analysis of controlled and uncontrolled studies","volume":"84","author":"SA Behnood","year":"2022"},{"key":"pone.0293600.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2021-323624","article-title":"Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) in children: a modified Delphi process","volume":"107","author":"T Stephenson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"pone.0293600.ref003","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2023","journal-title":"A clinical case definition for post covid-19 condition in children and adolescents by expert consensus"},{"key":"pone.0293600.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.162.5.469","article-title":"Longitudinal risk factors for persistent fatigue in adolescents.","volume":"162","author":"RM Viner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"pone.0293600.ref005","unstructured":"COVID-19 Schools Infection Survey, England\u2014Office for National Statistics. 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