{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T10:18:21Z","timestamp":1776680301875,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81673545"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81673545"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-I2M-1-032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-I2M-1-032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFC1706400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1706400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010038","name":"Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CARS-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The endangered tree species of the <jats:italic>Aquilaria<\/jats:italic> genus produce agarwood, a high value material produced only after wounding; however, conservation of <jats:italic>Aquilaria<\/jats:italic> seeds is difficult. The B3 transcription factor family has diverse important functions in plant development, especially in seed development, although their functions in other areas, such as stress responses, remain to be revealed. Here germination tests proved that the seeds of <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>sinensis<\/jats:italic> were recalcitrant seeds. To provide insights into the B3 superfamily, the members were identified and characterized by bioinformatic approaches and classified by phylogenetic analysis and domain structure. In total, 71 members were identified and classified into four subfamilies. Each subfamily not only had similar domains, but also had conserved motifs in their B3 domains. For the seed-related LAV subfamily, the B3 domain of AsLAV3 was identical to that of AsVALs but lacked a typical zf-CW domain such as VALs. AsLAV5 lacks a typical PHD-L domain present in <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic> VALs. qRT-PCR expression analysis showed that the LEC2 ortholog AsLAV4 was not expressed in seeds. RAVs and REMs induced after wound treatment were also identified. These findings provide insights into the functions of <jats:italic>B3<\/jats:italic> genes and seed recalcitrance of <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>sinensis<\/jats:italic> and indicate the role of <jats:italic>B3<\/jats:italic> genes in wound response and agarwood formation.This is the first work to investigate the B3 family in <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>sinensis<\/jats:italic> and to provide insights of the molecular mechanism of seed recalcitrance.This will be a valuable guidance for studies of B3 genes in stress responses, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and seed development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0294358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T18:31:54Z","timestamp":1700159514000},"page":"e0294358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exploration of the B3 transcription factor superfamily in Aquilaria sinensis reveal their involvement in seed recalcitrance and agarwood formation"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5582-0976","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yue","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengjun","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhihui","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9168-5812","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianhe","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0294358.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s12231-018-9408-4","article-title":"History of use and trade of agarwood","volume":"72","author":"A L\u00f3pez-Sampson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Econ Bot"},{"key":"pone.0294358.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.8065","article-title":"Profiling of microRNAs under wound treatment in Aquilaria sinensis to identify possible microRNAs involved in agarwood formation","volume":"10","author":"ZH Gao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"pone.0294358.ref003","unstructured":"The International Union for Conservation of Nature. 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