{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T22:26:39Z","timestamp":1790288799069,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"KAKENHI Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Exploratory Research","award":["JP 23K18276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP 23K18276"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research","award":["JP 20H04106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP 20H04106"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004330","name":"Smoking Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent evidence suggests a crucial role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa (AN). In this study, we carried out a series of multiple analyses of the gut microbiota of hospitalized individuals with AN over three months using 16S or 23S rRNA-targeted reverse transcription\u2013quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology (YIF-SCAN<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>), which is highly sensitive and enables the precise quantification of viable microorganisms. Despite the weight gain and improvements in psychological features observed during treatment, individuals with AN exhibited persistent gut microbial dysbiosis over the three-month duration. Principal component analysis further underscored the distinct microbial profile of individuals with AN, compared with that of age-matched healthy women at all time points. Regarding the kinetics of bacterial detection, the detection rate of <jats:italic>Lactiplantibacillus<\/jats:italic> spp. significantly increased after inpatient treatment. Additionally, the elevation in the <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> counts during inpatient treatment was significantly correlated with the subsequent body weight gain after one year. Collectively, these findings suggest that gut dysbiosis in individuals with AN may not be easily restored solely through weight gain, highlighting the potential of therapeutic interventions targeting microbiota via dietary modifications or live biotherapeutics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0296037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T18:31:27Z","timestamp":1703097087000},"page":"e0296037","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Persistence of gut dysbiosis in individuals with anorexia nervosa"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Morisaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Miyata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Nakashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomokazu","family":"Hata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Takakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazufumi","family":"Yoshihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Suematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Nomoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kouji","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Tsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7935-878X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Sudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0296037.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)05363-5","article-title":"Long-term prognosis in anorexia nervosa: lessons from a 21-year follow-up study","volume":"355","author":"S Zipfel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0296037.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00356-9","article-title":"Anorexia nervosa: aetiology, assessment, and treatment","volume":"2","author":"S Zipfel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0296037.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-012-0282-y","article-title":"Epidemiology of eating disorders: Incidence, prevalence and mortality rates.","volume":"14","author":"FRE Smink","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"pone.0296037.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74","article-title":"Mortality rates in patients with anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders.","volume":"68","author":"J. 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