{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T16:43:03Z","timestamp":1782319383607,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019436","name":"Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Lithuania","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["01 001 01 01 25"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01 001 01 01 25"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019436","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Baltic states are the region in Europe where tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is most endemic. The highest notification rate of TBE cases is reported in Lithuania, where the incidence of TBE has significantly increased since 1992. A recent study reported 0.4% prevalence of TBE virus (TBEV) in the two most common tick species distributed in Lithuania, <jats:italic>Ixodes ricinus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Dermacentor reticulatus<\/jats:italic>, with the existence of endemic foci confirmed in seven out of Lithuania\u2019s ten counties. However, until now, no comprehensive data on molecular characterisation and phylogenetic analysis have been available for the circulating TBEV strains. The aim of this study was to analyse TBEV strains derived from <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>ricinus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>reticulatus<\/jats:italic> ticks collected from Lithuania and provide a genotypic characterisation of viruses based on sequence analysis of partial E protein and NS3 genes. The 54 nucleotide sequences obtained were compared with 81 TBEV strains selected from the NCBI database. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial E and NS3 gene sequences derived from 34 Lithuanian TBEV isolates revealed that these were specific to Lithuania, and all belonged to the European subtype, with a maximum identity to the Neudoerfl reference strain (GenBank accession no. U27495) of 98.7% and 97.4%, respectively. The TBEV strains showed significant regional genetic diversity. The detected TBEV genotypes were not specific to the tick species. However, genetic differences were observed between strains from different locations, while strains from the same location showed a high similarity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0296472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T18:34:28Z","timestamp":1707330868000},"page":"e0296472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Phylogenetic characterisation of tick-borne encephalitis virus from Lithuania"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Marina","family":"Sidorenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Radzijevskaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saulius","family":"Mickevi\u010dius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maksim","family":"Bratchikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7572-202X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dalyt\u0117","family":"Mardosait\u0117-Busaitien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1977-3391","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Povilas","family":"Sakalauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6823-3754","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Algimantas","family":"Paulauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"pone.0296472.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-3542(02)00206-1","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis.","volume":"57","author":"T Gritsun","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0296472.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2009.11.002","article-title":"Isolation and molecular characterisation of a tick-borne encephalitis virus strain from a new tick-borne encephalitis focus with severe cases in Bavaria, Germany.","volume":"1","author":"AM Kup\u010da","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0296472.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.12.008","article-title":"Phylogenetic characterisation of tick-borne encephalitis virus from Bornholm, Denmark.","volume":"10","author":"NS Andersen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0296472.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2812.220552","article-title":"Continued circulation of tick-borne encephalitis virus variants and detection of novel transmission foci, the Netherlands","volume":"28","author":"HJ Esser","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0296472.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-80-1-179","article-title":"Sequence analysis and genetic classification of tick-borne encephalitis viruses from Europe and Asia","volume":"80","author":"M Ecker","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Journal of general virology"},{"issue":"14","key":"pone.0296472.ref006","first-page":"7","article-title":"Monitoring of tick-borne encephalitis virus population in European and Asian parts of Russia. 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