{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T13:31:39Z","timestamp":1778074299764,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH NIDDK R01 DK121975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH NIDDK R01 DK121975"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our aim was to determine if maternal body mass index (BMI) is associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in a large urban delivery center.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This single center retrospective case-control study included 291 infants under gestational age of 33 weeks admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during a 10-year period. Cases of stage 2 and 3 NEC were matched at a ratio of 2 controls (n = 194) to 1 case (n = 97). Maternal BMI was categorized as normal (\u226424.9), overweight (25\u201329.9) and obese (\u226530). Chi-square and stepwise logistic regression were used for analysis. A power analysis was performed to determine if sample size was sufficient to detect an association.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Stepwise logistic regression demonstrated no association between NEC and maternal obesity. Maternal hypertension, pre-eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, maternal exposure to antibiotics, placental abruption and gestational diabetes were not associated with NEC. Power analysis showed the sample size was sufficient to detect an association of NEC with maternal BMI in three groups analyzed. In this case-control study, there was an association between NEC and maternal overweight but not obesity at delivery.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our results did not show a significant association of NEC with maternal obesity. The percent of overweight and obese mothers prior to pregnancy and at delivery was significantly higher in our population than the national average and may be responsible for the limited ability to reveal any association between maternal obesity and NEC.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0296644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T18:27:37Z","timestamp":1706120857000},"page":"e0296644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Maternal body mass index and necrotizing enterocolitis: A case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4149-4425","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katherine","family":"Stumpf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. 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A national case-control study","volume":"13","author":"M Ahle","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0296644.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.09.093","article-title":"Effect of obesity on neonatal outcomes in pregnancies with preterm premature rupture of membranes","volume":"214","author":"AM Faucett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0296644.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R97","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-16-0495","article-title":"Effects of maternal obesity on placental function and fetal development","volume":"153","author":"KR Howell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reprod Camb Engl"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0296644.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1005408","article-title":"Necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"364","author":"J Neu","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0296644.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370219891971","article-title":"Necrotizing enterocolitis: It\u2019s not all in the gut","volume":"245","author":"AL Meister","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med Maywood NJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0296644.ref015","first-page":"343","article-title":"Hospital survival of very-low-birth-weight neonates from 1977 to 2000","volume":"24","author":"JR Kaiser","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Perinatol Off J Calif Perinat Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0296644.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(16)34975-6","article-title":"Necrotizing enterocolitis: treatment based on staging criteria","volume":"33","author":"MC Walsh","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0296644.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70134-2","article-title":"Obesity, inflammation, and the gut microbiota","volume":"3","author":"AJ Cox","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"51\u201352","key":"pone.0296644.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm665152a3","article-title":"Prevalence and Trends in Prepregnancy Normal Weight\u201448 States, New York City, and District of Columbia, 2011\u20132015","volume":"66","author":"NP Deputy","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0296644.ref019","first-page":"1014","article-title":"In-hospital mortality and morbidity among extremely preterm infants in relation to maternal body mass index.","volume":"41","author":"S Chawla","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Perinatol Off J Calif Perinat Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0296644.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000425668.87506.4c","article-title":"ACOG Committee opinion no. 548: weight gain during pregnancy","volume":"121","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0296644","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T18:27:50Z","timestamp":1706120870000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0296644"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Hlengani Lawrence","family":"Chauke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0296644","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]}}}