{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:08:38Z","timestamp":1740146918975,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000125","name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01OH011312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01OH011312"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) is associated with worse asthma outcomes in individuals exposed to the World Trade Center (WTC) site.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Research question<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Do WTC workers with coexisting PTSD and asthma have a specific inflammatory pattern that underlies the relationship with increased asthma morbidity?<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Study design and methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We collected data on a cohort of WTC workers with asthma recruited from the WTC Health Program. Diagnosis of PTSD was ascertained with a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders) and the severity of PTSD symptoms was assessed with the PTSD Checklist 5. We obtained blood and sputum samples to measure cytokines levels in study participants.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Of the 232 WTC workers with diagnosis of asthma in the study, 75 (32%) had PTSD. PTSD was significantly associated with worse asthma control (p = 0.002) and increased resource utilization (p = 0.0002). There was no significant association (p&gt;0.05) between most blood or sputum cytokines with PTSD diagnosis or PCL-5 scores both in unadjusted and adjusted analyses.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n<jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our results suggest that PTSD is not associated with blood and sputum inflammatory markers in WTC workers with asthma. These findings suggest that other mechanisms likely explain the association between PTSD and asthma control in WTC exposed individuals.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0297616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T18:27:30Z","timestamp":1707848850000},"page":"e0297616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inflammatory markers in world trade center workers with asthma: Associations with post traumatic stress disorder"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Juan P.","family":"Wisnivesky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4982-3388","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nikita","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Ankam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Federman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven B.","family":"Markowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janette M.","family":"Birmingham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula J.","family":"Busse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0297616.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2020.10.007","article-title":"Comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder are associated with asthma morbidity among World Trade Center workers","volume":"126","author":"JP Wisnivesky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"9794","key":"pone.0297616.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61180-X","article-title":"Persistence of multiple illnesses in World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers: a cohort study","volume":"378","author":"JP Wisnivesky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297616.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200301023480115","article-title":"Cough and bronchial responsiveness in firefighters at the World Trade Center site","volume":"348","author":"JH Lange","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0297616.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1121","article-title":"Asthma and posttraumatic stress symptoms 5 to 6 years following exposure to the World Trade Center terrorist attack","volume":"302","author":"RM Brackbill","year":"2009","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0297616.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2016.08.033","article-title":"Determinants of asthma morbidity in World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers","volume":"117","author":"KY Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0297616.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2019.1672722","article-title":"Mental health, long-term medication adherence, and the control of asthma symptoms among persons exposed to the WTC 9\/11 disaster","volume":"57","author":"J Brite","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297616.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-019-0449-7","article-title":"Persistent mental and physical health impact of exposure to the September 11, 2001 World Trade Center terrorist attacks","volume":"18","author":"HT Jordan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0297616.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00309-0","article-title":"Inflammatory markers in post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression","volume":"2","author":"IC Passos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0297616.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2015.05.023","article-title":"Serum concentrations of chemokines (CCL-5 and CXCL-12), chemokine receptors (CCR-5 and CXCR-4), and IL-6 in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and avoidant personality disorder","volume":"67","author":"EA Og\u0142odek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0297616.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200906-0896OC","article-title":"Identification of asthma phenotypes using cluster analysis in the Severe Asthma Research Program","volume":"181","author":"WC Moore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0297616.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2012.02832.x","article-title":"Untangling asthma phenotypes and endotypes","volume":"67","author":"I Agache","year":"2012","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0297616.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.11.037","article-title":"Asthma endotypes: a new approach to classification of disease entities within the asthma syndrome","volume":"127","author":"J L\u00f6tvall","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0297616.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.3.9610046","article-title":"Bronchoscopic evaluation of severe asthma. Persistent inflammation associated with high dose glucocorticoids","volume":"156","author":"SE Wenzel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0297616.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.50.10.1057","article-title":"Exacerbations of asthma without sputum eosinophilia","volume":"50","author":"MO Turner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0297616.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.3.9809071","article-title":"Interleukin-8 secretion and neutrophil recruitment accompanies induced sputum eosinophil activation in children with acute asthma","volume":"161","author":"MZ Norzila","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297616.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.08.035","article-title":"The Relationship Between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Self-Management Behaviors in World Trade Center Workers with Asthma","volume":"10","author":"JP Wisnivesky","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"pone.0297616.ref017","unstructured":"National Center of Health Statistics. National Health Interview Survey. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nchis\/index.htm"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0297616.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.1999.14d29.x","article-title":"Development and validation of a questionnaire to measure asthma control","volume":"14","author":"EF Juniper","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0297616.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.08.023","article-title":"The Asthma Control Test and Asthma Control Questionnaire for assessing asthma control: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"131","author":"CE Jia","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297616.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.1999.14a08.x","article-title":"Development and validation of the Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire","volume":"14","author":"EF Juniper","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297616.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00289-2019","article-title":"Validation of online Asthma Control Questionnaire and Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire","volume":"6","author":"RJ Khusial","year":"2020","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0297616.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12931","article-title":"Clinical validity and intrarater and test-retest reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5\u2014Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV)","volume":"73","author":"FL Os\u00f3rio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0297616.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01894","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1894","article-title":"Psychometric properties of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders-Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV)","volume":"11","author":"A Shabani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0297616.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22059","article-title":"The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): Development and Initial Psychometric Evaluation","volume":"28","author":"CA Blevins","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0297616.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000254","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (PCL-5) in veterans","volume":"28","author":"MJ Bovin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0297616.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.02.008","article-title":"Analyses of asthma severity phenotypes and inflammatory proteins in subjects stratified by sputum granulocytes","volume":"125","author":"AT Hastie","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0297616.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.09.015","article-title":"Effect of aging on sputum inflammation and asthma control","volume":"139","author":"PJ Busse","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0297616.ref028","first-page":"611","article-title":"A comparison of several methods for analyzing censored data","volume":"51","author":"P Hewett","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Occup Hyg"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0297616.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.3109\/02770903.2014.999083","article-title":"Factors associated with poor control of 9\/11-related asthma 10\u201311 years after the 2001 World Trade Center terrorist attacks","volume":"52","author":"HT Jordan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297616.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-02094-7","article-title":"The role of the immune system in posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"12","author":"S Katrinli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0297616.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.06.001","article-title":"Asthma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Emerging links, potential models and mechanisms","volume":"97","author":"E Allgire","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"pone.0297616.ref032","article-title":"World Trade Center workers with asthma and post-traumatic stress disorder perceive airflow limitation more accurately","author":"JP Wisnivesky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"S3","key":"pone.0297616.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S174","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2233H","article-title":"Social Determinants: Taking the Social Context of Asthma Seriously","volume":"123","author":"DR Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0297616.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e94075","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094075","article-title":"Dysregulation in microRNA expression is associated with alterations in immune functions in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"9","author":"J Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297616.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2007.07.006","article-title":"Trauma, PTSD, and physical health: an epidemiological study of Australian Vietnam veterans","volume":"64","author":"BI O\u2019Toole","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0297616","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T18:27:48Z","timestamp":1707848868000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0297616"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Suresh","family":"Pallikkuth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0297616","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1932-6203"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]]}}}