{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T19:01:27Z","timestamp":1772996487523,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Observational studies have shown an association between systemic autoimmune disease (AD) and multiple malignancies. However, due to the difficulty indetermining the temporal nature of the order, their causal relationship remains elusive. Based on pooled data from a large population-wide genome-wide association study (GWAS), this study explores the genetic causality between systemic autoimmune disease and renal malignancy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We took a series of quality control steps from a large-scale genome-wide association study to select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with systemic autoimmune disease as instrumental variables(IVs) to analyze genetic causality with renal malignancies. Inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR- Egger, weighted median, simple model and weighted model were used for analysis. The results were mainly based on IVW (Random Effects), followed by sensitivity analysis. Inverse-Variance Weighted(IVW) and MR-Egger were used to test for heterogeneity. MR- Egger is also used for pleiotropic testing. A single SNP analysis was used to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with potential impact. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate causality, and sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate pleiotropy and instrumental validity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Acute and subacute iridocylitis (<jats:italic>P = 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>006<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>OR = 1<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>077<\/jats:italic>), Ankylosing spondylitis (<jats:italic>P = 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>002<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>OR = 1<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>051<\/jats:italic>), and spondyloarthritis <jats:italic>(P = 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>009<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>OR = 1<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>073<\/jats:italic>) were positively associated with an increased risk of renal malignancy. Coxarthrosis (<jats:italic>P = 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>008<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>OR = 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>483<\/jats:italic>), Juvenile rheumatism (P = 0.011, OR = 0.897), and Systemic lupus erythematosus (<jats:italic>P = 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>014<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>OR = 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>869<\/jats:italic>) were negatively associated with an increased risk of renal malignancy. The results of sensitivity analysis were consistent without heterogeneity or pleiotropy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our study suggests a causal relationship between different systemic autoimmune diseases and renal malignancies. These findings prompt health care providers to take seriously the potential risk of systemic autoimmune disease and provide new insights into the genetics of kidney malignancies.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0297861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T18:46:40Z","timestamp":1709232400000},"page":"e0297861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Causal relationship between several autoimmune diseases and renal malignancies: A two-sample mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1679-1879","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Puyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jihang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lanlan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingqing","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengfang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jieyu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaorong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0297861.ref001","first-page":"519","article-title":"Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Diseases: Clinical and Critical Evaluation.","volume":"18","author":"EK Kapsogeorgou","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Israel Medical Association journal: IMAJ."},{"key":"pone.0297861.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2014.06.015","article-title":"Autoantibodies in pre-clinical autoimmune disease","volume":"437","author":"ZD Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0297861.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2016.60","article-title":"uPAR promotes tumor-like biologic behaviors of fibroblast-like synoviocytes through PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.","volume":"15","author":"Y Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cellular & molecular immunology"},{"issue":"10188","key":"pone.0297861.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2344","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30546-X","article-title":"Novel paradigms in systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"393","author":"T D\u00f6rner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297861.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102691","article-title":"Relationship between disease activity, organ damage and health-related quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Y Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autoimmunity reviews"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0297861.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.2013.834330","article-title":"Autoimmunity in intervertebral disc herniation: from bench to bedside.","volume":"17","author":"A Di Martino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert opinion on therapeutic targets"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297861.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-015-2032-0","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus and malignancies risk","volume":"142","author":"S Mao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0297861.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfac217","article-title":"AA amyloidosis associated with cancers.","volume":"38","author":"J Bharati","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation: official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association\u2014European Renal Association."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0297861.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.12.014","article-title":"Autoimmune disease and subsequent urological cancer","volume":"189","author":"X Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of urology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0297861.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2007.08.006","article-title":"Cancer in rheumatoid arthritis: occurrence, mortality, and associated factors in a South European population","volume":"37","author":"L Ab\u00e1solo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0297861.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000202","article-title":"Malignancies in systemic lupus erythematosus: a 2015 update.","volume":"27","author":"GC Goobie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current opinion in rheumatology."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297861.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2012.12.003","article-title":"ANCA-associated vasculitis and malignancy: current evidence for cause and consequence relationships.","volume":"27","author":"A Mahr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0297861.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7796.68864","article-title":"Upper gastro-intestinal bleeding\u2014Rare presentation of renal cell carcinoma","volume":"2","author":"P Tiwari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Urology annals"},{"key":"pone.0297861.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118632","article-title":"Current updates and future perspectives on the management of renal cell carcinoma","volume":"264","author":"D. Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0297861.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2014.10.002","article-title":"International variations and trends in renal cell carcinoma incidence and mortality","volume":"67","author":"A Znaor","year":"2015","journal-title":"European urology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297861.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyg070","article-title":"\u2019Mendelian randomization\u2019: can genetic epidemiology contribute to understanding environmental determinants of disease?","volume":"32","author":"GD Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"International journal of epidemiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0297861.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1007\/s40471-017-0128-6","article-title":"Recent Developments in Mendelian Randomization Studies.","volume":"4","author":"J Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current epidemiology reports."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0297861.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000081","article-title":"Methodological challenges in mendelian randomization.","volume":"25","author":"TJ VanderWeele","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass)."},{"issue":"R1","key":"pone.0297861.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R89","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu328","article-title":"Mendelian randomization: genetic anchors for causal inference in epidemiological studies","volume":"23","author":"G Davey Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Human molecular genetics"},{"issue":"16","key":"pone.0297861.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.18236","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Using Mendelian Randomization: The STROBE-MR Statement","volume":"326","author":"VW Skrivankova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"7944","key":"pone.0297861.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05473-8","article-title":"FinnGen provides genetic insights from a well-phenotyped isolated population","volume":"613","author":"MI Kurki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0297861.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01371-0","article-title":"Hematopoietic mosaic chromosomal alterations increase the risk for diverse types of infection","volume":"27","author":"SM Zekavat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0297861.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.01.019","article-title":"Causal associations of iron status with gout and rheumatoid arthritis, but not with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"39","author":"S Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0297861.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0255-x","article-title":"Interpreting findings from Mendelian randomization using the MR-Egger method","volume":"32","author":"S Burgess","year":"2017","journal-title":"European journal of epidemiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0297861.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21965","article-title":"Consistent Estimation in Mendelian Randomization with Some Invalid Instruments Using a Weighted Median Estimator","volume":"40","author":"J Bowden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genetic epidemiology"},{"key":"pone.0297861.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S354619","article-title":"Mendelian Randomization Study Implies Causal Linkage Between Telomere Length and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in a European Population","volume":"15","author":"J. Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of inflammation research"},{"issue":"19","key":"pone.0297861.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21197246","article-title":"The Role of Metabolic Factors in Renal Cancers","volume":"21","author":"J Rysz","year":"2020","journal-title":"International journal of molecular sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0297861.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.14485","article-title":"Management of extra-articular manifestations in spondyloarthritis","volume":"26","author":"KS Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"International journal of rheumatic diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0297861.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2021.09.009","article-title":"Risk of malignancy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"AE Clarke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0297861.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-019-0856-3","article-title":"The Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis: an Update.","volume":"21","author":"SJ Pedersen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Current rheumatology reports."},{"issue":"sup1","key":"pone.0297861.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2016.1240783","article-title":"Risk of infections using anti-TNF agents in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"15","author":"S Minozzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert opinion on drug safety."},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0297861.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2130","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.14853","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of pharmacological treatments for axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"26","author":"C Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"International journal of rheumatic diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0297861.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.0024","article-title":"Prevalence, Incidence, and Risk of Cancer in Patients With Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","volume":"156","author":"S Vaengebjerg","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA dermatology"},{"issue":"10114","key":"pone.0297861.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32448-0","article-title":"Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies","volume":"390","author":"SC Ng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)."},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0297861.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaa009","article-title":"Stromal Cells in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"14","author":"MC Barnhoorn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Crohn\u2019s & colitis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0297861.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2021.11.008","article-title":"Kidney function monitoring in inflammatory bowel disease: The MONITORED consensus.","volume":"54","author":"L Guillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Digestive and liver disease: official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0297861.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab733","article-title":"Knee and hip osteoarthritis and risk of nine cancers in a large real-world matched cohort study.","volume":"61","author":"A Turkiewicz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford, England)."},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0297861.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3817","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa166","article-title":"Risks of solid cancers in elderly persons with osteoarthritis or ankylosing spondylitis.","volume":"59","author":"MM Ward","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford, England)."},{"key":"pone.0297861.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909783","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.909783","article-title":"Bidirectional Relationship Between Osteoarthritis and Periodontitis: A Population-Based Cohort Study Over a 15-year Follow-Up.","volume":"13","author":"KS Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0297861.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R106","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4286","article-title":"How do people with knee osteoarthritis use osteoarthritis pain medications and does this change over time? Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.","volume":"15","author":"SR Kingsbury","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis research & therapy."},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0297861.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23466","article-title":"Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Nonsurgical Osteoarthritis Treatment Among Patients in Outpatient Clinics.","volume":"70","author":"LM Abbate","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis care & research."},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0297861.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e021869","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-021869","article-title":"Maintenance use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of gastrointestinal cancer in a nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden.","volume":"8","author":"N Brusselaers","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ open"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0297861.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922817733304","article-title":"Autoimmune Diseases in Children and Adults With Type 1 Diabetes From the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry.","volume":"57","author":"M. Tosur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clinical pediatrics."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0297861.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2018.04.002","article-title":"Scleroderma in Children and Adolescents: Localized Scleroderma and Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"65","author":"SC Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatric clinics of North America."},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0297861.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2225","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3745-z","article-title":"A systematic review of primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome in male and paediatric populations.","volume":"36","author":"S Virdee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical rheumatology."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0297861.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cupe.2004.10.011","article-title":"Autoimmune diseases in children.","volume":"15","author":"PA Brogan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Paediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0297861.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2005.11.007","article-title":"Paediatric rheumatology\u2014a global perspective.","volume":"20","author":"S Sawhney","year":"2006","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0297861.ref048","first-page":"958","article-title":"National study of cause-specific mortality in rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile chronic arthritis, and other rheumatic conditions: a 20 year followup study","volume":"30","author":"E Thomas","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Journal of rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0297861.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1097\/00124743-199604000-00002","article-title":"Lymphoma and luekemia in rheumatoid arthritis: are they associated with azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, or methotrexate?","volume":"2","author":"CA Williams","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of clinical rheumatology: practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0297861.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.107","article-title":"Hematologic malignant neoplasms after drug exposure in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"168","author":"S Bernatsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of internal medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0297861.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker113","article-title":"Risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in a national cohort of veterans with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"50","author":"W Amari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford, England)."},{"key":"pone.0297861.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2013.12.001","article-title":"Lymphoma development in patients with autoimmune and inflammatory disorders\u2014what are the driving forces?","volume":"24","author":"E Baecklund","year":"2014","journal-title":"Seminars in cancer biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0297861.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21675","article-title":"Association of chronic inflammation, not its treatment, with increased lymphoma risk in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"54","author":"E Baecklund","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis and rheumatism"},{"issue":"7152","key":"pone.0297861.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7152.180","article-title":"Disease activity and risk of lymphoma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: nested case-control study.","volume":"317","author":"E Baecklund","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical research ed)."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0297861.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.096925","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis, treatment with corticosteroids and risk of malignant lymphomas: results from a case-control study","volume":"69","author":"K Hellgren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of the rheumatic diseases"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0297861","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T18:47:15Z","timestamp":1709232435000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0297861"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Kevin Sheng-Kai","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0297861","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]}}}