{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T19:23:30Z","timestamp":1793129010535,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP19K03811"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19K03811"]}]},{"name":"Glocal hub of wisdom and wellness filled with smiles"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma (NTAPP) is attracting widespread interest for use in medical applications. The tissue repair capacity of NTAPP has been reported in various fields; however, little is known about its effect on fracture healing. Non-union or delayed union after a fracture is a clinical challenge. In this study, we aimed to investigate how NTAPP irradiation promotes fracture healing in a non-union fracture model and its underlying mechanism, in vitro and in vivo. For the in vivo study, we created normal and non-union fracture models in LEW\/SsNSlc rats to investigate the effects of NTAPP. To create a fracture, a transverse osteotomy was performed in the middle of the femoral shaft. To induce the non-union fracture model, the periosteum surrounding the fracture site was cauterized after a normal fracture model was created. The normal fracture model showed no significant difference in bone healing between the control and NTAPP-treated groups. The non-union fracture model demonstrated that the NTAPP-treated group showed consistent improvement in fracture healing. Histological and biomechanical assessments confirmed the fracture healing. The in vitro study using pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells demonstrated that NTAPP irradiation under specific conditions did not reduce cell proliferation but did enhance osteoblastic differentiation. Overall, these results suggest that NTAPP is a novel approach to the treatment of bone fractures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0298086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T18:09:23Z","timestamp":1713290963000},"page":"e0298086","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Fracture healing on non-union fracture model promoted by non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Saito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3126-0046","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiromitsu","family":"Toyoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiro","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun-Seok","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsumasa","family":"Nakazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumi","family":"Orita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiyoshi","family":"Shimatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuru","family":"Shirafuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0298086.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(07)80003-9","article-title":"Prevalence of long-bone non-unions.","volume":"38","author":"C Tzioupis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Injury."},{"key":"pone.0298086.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2011.03.046","article-title":"Treatment of long bone non-unions with polytherapy: Indications and clinical results","volume":"42","author":"GM Calori","year":"2011","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"pone.0298086.ref003","first-page":"28","article-title":"Quality of life assessment of patients with posttraumatic fracture nonunion, chronic refractory osteomyelitis, and lower-extremity amputation","author":"RK Lerner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"pone.0298086.ref004","first-page":"45","article-title":"Delayed union and nonunions: Epidemiology, clinical issues, and financial aspects.","author":"DJ Hak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"pone.0298086.ref005","first-page":"39","article-title":"Nail Dynamization for Delayed Union and Nonunion in Femur and Tibia Fractures.","author":"J Vaughn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthopedics."},{"key":"pone.0298086.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2011.03.036","article-title":"Masquelet technique for the treatment of bone defects: Tips-tricks and future directions","volume":"42","author":"V. 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