{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:09:52Z","timestamp":1740146992075,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010270","name":"Capital Health Research and Development of Special Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z181100001718031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z181100001718031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>While growing psychological health issues among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic have been clearly validated, most research was conducted in countries with relatively lax quarantine measures. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of prenatal depression among pre-, peak-, and post-COVID-19 in Beijing, the region with a stringent response policy in China. We also explore predictors of prenatal depression throughout the outbreak.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We investigated prenatal depression among 742 pregnant women who received antenatal checkups in Beijing from March 28, 2019 to May 07, 2021 using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and associative demographic, pregnancy-related, and psychosocial characteristics were measured. The phase was divided into pre-, peak-, and post-COVID-19 in light of the trajectory of COVID-19. Pearson\u2019s Chi-square test was used after the examination of confounders homogeneity. The bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was conducted to explore predictors.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The pooled prevalence of prenatal depression was 11.9% throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Rates at different phases were 10.6%, 15.2%, and 11.1% respectively and no significant difference was observed. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that history of mental illness, number of boy-preference from both pregnant women and husband\u2019s family, social support, occupation, and living space were independent predictors of prenatal depression in Beijing.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our data suggested that the impact of this pandemic on prenatal depression in Beijing appears to be not significant, which will strengthen confidence in adhering to current policy for decision-makers and provide important guidance for the development of major outbreak control and management policies in the future. Our findings may also provide a more efficient measure to identify high-risk pregnant women for professionals and help raise gender equity awareness of pregnant women and their husbands\u2019 families. Future studies should focus on the value of targeted care and family relations on the mental health of pregnant women.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0298314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T17:47:45Z","timestamp":1714067265000},"page":"e0298314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence and predictors of prenatal depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multistage observational study in Beijing, China"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jin","family":"WANG","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Libin","family":"HU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"ZHANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"LIU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"YU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ningxin","family":"ZHAO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianlin","family":"QI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3527-4859","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lihua","family":"LIU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0298314.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","article-title":"A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019","volume":"382","author":"N Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10223","key":"pone.0298314.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30185-9","article-title":"A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern","volume":"395","author":"C Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"LANCET"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0298314.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1111\/jrh.12486","article-title":"Progression of COVID-19 From Urban to Rural Areas in the United States: A Spatiotemporal Analysis of Prevalence Rates.","volume":"36","author":"R Paul","year":"2020","journal-title":"J RURAL HEALTH."},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2020.106261","article-title":"Asthma in a large COVID-19 cohort: Prevalence, features, and determinants of COVID-19 disease severity.","volume":"176","author":"M Caminati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir Med."},{"journal-title":"WHO Director-General\u2019s statement on IHR Emergency Committee on Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV).","year":"2020","author":"World Health Organization","key":"pone.0298314.ref005"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0298314.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1985.tb122906.x","article-title":"Mental and physical health consequences of disasters.","volume":"143","author":"B Raphael","year":"1985","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0298314.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2019686","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.19686","article-title":"Prevalence of Depression Symptoms in US Adults Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","volume":"3","author":"CK Ettman","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA NETW OPEN"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.08.001","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review","volume":"277","author":"J Xiong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","edition":"5"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0298314.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30284-X","article-title":"Epidemiology of maternal depression, risk factors, and child outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries","volume":"3","author":"B Gelaye","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0298314.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100213","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2020-100213","article-title":"A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations.","volume":"33","author":"J Qiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gen Psychiatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0298314.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3165","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17093165","article-title":"A Nationwide Survey of Psychological Distress among Italian People during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors.","volume":"17","author":"C Mazza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579421000766","article-title":"Prenatal maternal stress during the COVID-19 pandemic and infant regulatory capacity at 3 months: A longitudinal study.","volume":"35","author":"L Provenzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"DEV PSYCHOPATHOL"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0298314.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.03.021","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and pregnancy.","volume":"222","author":"P Dashraath","year":"2020","journal-title":"AM J OBSTET GYNECOL"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0298314.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2020.100107","article-title":"Outcome of coronavirus spectrum infections (SARS, MERS, COVID-19) during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"2","author":"D Di Mascio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109 e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.04.030","article-title":"Maternal death due to COVID-19.","volume":"223","author":"S Hantoushzadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"AM J OBSTET GYNECOL"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2019.01.004","article-title":"Trick or treat? Evaluating contributing factors and sex-differences for developmental effects of maternal depression and its treatment.","volume":"111","author":"J Kott","year":"2019","journal-title":"HORM BEHAV."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-011-0251-1","article-title":"Untreated prenatal maternal depression and the potential risks to offspring: a review.","volume":"15","author":"DB Davalos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"issue":"13","key":"pone.0298314.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E338","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.200393","article-title":"Quarantine","volume":"192","author":"EA Coomes","year":"2020","journal-title":"CAN MED ASSOC J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-021-01070-6","article-title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal health: a scoping review.","volume":"18","author":"B Kotlar","year":"2021","journal-title":"REPROD HEALTH"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02969-3","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic among women in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"20","author":"P Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC PSYCHIATRY."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0298314.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-020-01073-5","article-title":"Pregnancy-related anxiety during COVID-19: a nationwide survey of 2740 pregnant women.","volume":"23","author":"CA Moyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"issue":"6489","key":"pone.0298314.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba9757","article-title":"The effect of travel restrictions on the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak.","volume":"368","author":"M Chinazzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"SCIENCE"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.126","article-title":"Elevated depression and anxiety symptoms among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"277","author":"C Lebel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775585","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.775585","article-title":"Stress, Coping, and Psychiatric Symptoms in Pregnant Women in Outpatient Care During the 2021 Second-Wave COVID-19 Pandemic.","volume":"12","author":"C Penengo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0298314.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23508","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.23508","article-title":"COVID-19-related financial stress associated with higher likelihood of depression among pregnant women living in the United States.","volume":"33","author":"ZM Thayer","year":"2021","journal-title":"AM J HUM BIOL"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-04428-1","article-title":"The prevalence and correlates of peripartum depression in different stages of pregnancy during COVID-19 pandemic in China.","volume":"22","author":"M Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0298314.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e038511","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-038511","article-title":"Prevalence of depression symptoms and its influencing factors among pregnant women in late pregnancy in urban areas of Hengyang City, Hunan Province, China: a cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Y Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ OPEN"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191152","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1191152","article-title":"Antenatal depression is associated with perceived stress, family relations, educational and professional status among women in South of China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey.","volume":"14","author":"J Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0298314.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0214992","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0214992","article-title":"Understanding the antepartum depressive symptoms and its risk factors among the pregnant women visiting public health facilities of Nepal.","volume":"14","author":"D Joshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLOS ONE."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12419","DOI":"10.1111\/appy.12419","article-title":"Changes in prenatal depression and anxiety levels in low risk pregnancy among Iranian women: A prospective study.","volume":"14","author":"A Kazemi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asia Pac Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0298314.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1473","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30354-5","article-title":"Gender inequalities in health and wellbeing across the first two decades of life: an analysis of 40 low-income and middle-income countries in the Asia-Pacific region","volume":"8","author":"E Kennedy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.11.014","article-title":"Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: A systematic review","volume":"191","author":"A Biaggi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0298314.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwy067","article-title":"Causal Model of the Association of Social Support With Antepartum Depression: A Marginal Structural Modeling Approach","volume":"187","author":"QY Zhong","year":"2018","journal-title":"AM J EPIDEMIOL"},{"journal-title":"Announcement on mental health care during pregnancy and childbirth.","year":"2019","author":"Beijing Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission","key":"pone.0298314.ref035"},{"journal-title":"[24 hours] National Health Commission high-level expert group Zhong Nanshan: the epidemic presents human-to-human transmission and other characteristics.","year":"2020","author":"CCTV","key":"pone.0298314.ref036"},{"journal-title":"All confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Beijing have been cleared","year":"2020","author":"BHC","key":"pone.0298314.ref037"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.150.6.782","article-title":"Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale","volume":"150","author":"JL Cox","year":"1987","journal-title":"The British journal of psychiatry: the journal of mental science"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.01.044","article-title":"Validation studies of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for the antenatal period","volume":"176","author":"Z Kozinszky","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0298314.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2010.02.005","article-title":"Validation of the Mainland Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in Chengdu mothers.","volume":"47","author":"Y Lau","year":"2010","journal-title":"INT J NURS STUD."},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.172.5.433","article-title":"Detecting postnatal depression in Chinese women\u2014Validation of the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.","volume":"172","author":"DTS Lee","year":"1998","journal-title":"BRIT J PSYCHIAT"},{"journal-title":"Beijing Bureau of Statistics, 2021.","year":"2021","author":"BBS","key":"pone.0298314.ref042"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref043","article-title":"The guidelines for prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults","volume":"17","author":"C Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"BIOMED ENVIRON SCI"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-020-00402-8","article-title":"Prevalence of depression and anxiety and correlations between depression, anxiety, family functioning, social support and coping styles among Chinese medical students.","volume":"8","author":"R Shao","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Psychol."},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-2871-x","article-title":"Association between social support and recovery from post-traumatic stress disorder after flood: a 13\u201314 year follow-up study in Hunan, China.","volume":"16","author":"W Dai","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC PUBLIC HEALTH"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0298314.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.07.001","article-title":"The Effect of Social Support on Mental Health in Chinese Adolescents During the Outbreak of COVID-19.","volume":"67","author":"M Qi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health."},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref047","volume-title":"Applied Logistic Regression.","author":"S Lemeshow","year":"2013","edition":"3"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3352\/jeehp.2021.18.17","article-title":"Sample size determination and power analysis using the G*Power software","volume":"18","author":"H. Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Educ Eval Health Prof"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.59566\/IJBS.2016.12036","article-title":"Unhappiness with the Fetal Gender is associated with Depression in Adult Pregnant Women Attending Prenatal Care in a Public Hospital in Durango, Mexico.","volume":"12","author":"C Alvarado-Esquivel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S289636","article-title":"Antepartum Depression and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending ANC Clinics in Gurage Zone Public Health Institutions, SNNPR, Ethiopia, 2019.","volume":"13","author":"S Shitu Ayen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol Res Behav Manag."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0298314.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12343","article-title":"Depression and anxiety during pregnancy: The influence of maternal characteristics.","volume":"45","author":"KFE van de Loo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.033","article-title":"The role of neonatal vitamin D in the association of prenatal depression with toddlers ADHD symptoms: A birth cohort study","volume":"281","author":"SS Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0298314.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s11013-020-09691-5","article-title":"A Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Prevalence and Risk Factors for Prenatal Depression in Spain and Mexico.","volume":"45","author":"R Marcos-Najera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cult Med Psychiatry."},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.01.026","article-title":"Advancing research on perinatal depression trajectories: Evidence from a longitudinal study of low-income women","volume":"301","author":"C Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.12.017","article-title":"Association of social support and antepartum depression among pregnant women","volume":"264","author":"LE Friedman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0298314.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13358","article-title":"Research Review: Developmental origins of depression\u2013a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis.","volume":"62","author":"Y Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC."},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref057","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pregnancy during the pandemic: the impact of COVID-19-related stress on risk for prenatal depression.","author":"LS King","year":"2021","journal-title":"PSYCHOL MED."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-04387-7","article-title":"The mental health crisis of expectant women in the UK: effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on prenatal mental health, antenatal attachment and social support.","volume":"22","author":"ML Filippetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref059","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Geneva: 2020. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019). Situation report 106. 2020. [cited 18 April 2022]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/situation-reports."},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0298314.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30553-3","article-title":"Association between mobility patterns and COVID-19 transmission in the USA: a mathematical modelling study","volume":"20","author":"HS Badr","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639429","DOI":"10.3389\/fgwh.2021.639429","article-title":"COVID-19-Related Changes to Pregnant People\u2019s Work-Plans Increase Prenatal Depression.","volume":"2","author":"M Sherin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Glob Womens Health."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0298314.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1002\/epa2.1095","article-title":"Politics and administration in times of crisis: Explaining the Swedish response to the COVID\u201019 crisis.","volume":"6","author":"E Petridou","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Policy Analysis."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0298314.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240 e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.05.009","article-title":"Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China.","volume":"223","author":"Y Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"AM J OBSTET GYNECOL"},{"journal-title":"Department of Publicity: Transcript of the press conference of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council.","year":"2021","author":"Chinese National Health Commission","key":"pone.0298314.ref064"},{"issue":"6490","key":"pone.0298314.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb4218","article-title":"The effect of human mobility and control measures on the COVID-19 epidemic in China.","volume":"368","author":"MUG Kraemer","year":"2020","journal-title":"SCIENCE"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.099","article-title":"Pregnancy-related anxiety among Chinese pregnant women in mid-late pregnancy under the two-child policy and its significant correlates.","volume":"276","author":"C Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J AFFECT DISORDERS"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0298314.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-2009-5","article-title":"The role of nutrition, intimate partner violence and social support in prenatal depressive symptoms in rural Ethiopia: community based birth cohort study.","volume":"18","author":"YK Woldetensay","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0298314.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30168-1","article-title":"Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science","volume":"7","author":"EA Holmes","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0298314.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2020.12.014","article-title":"Perceived social support and prenatal wellbeing; The mediating effects of loneliness and repetitive negative thinking on anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.","volume":"35","author":"V Harrison","year":"2022","journal-title":"WOMEN BIRTH"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.05.014","article-title":"Prevalence and contributory factors of anxiety and depression among pregnant women in the post-pandemic era of COVID-19 in Shenzhen, China","volume":"291","author":"F Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"pone.0298314.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3195","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S341090","article-title":"Association Between Perceived Stress and Prenatal Depressive Symptoms: Moderating Effect of Social Support.","volume":"14","author":"P Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Multidisciplinary Health."}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0298314","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T17:48:39Z","timestamp":1714067319000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0298314"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Abera","family":"Mersha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0298314","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1932-6203"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]]}}}