{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T20:59:00Z","timestamp":1789765140894,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00279214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00279214"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cervical cancer presents a significant global health challenge, disproportionately impacting underserved populations with limited access to healthcare. Early detection and effective management are vital in addressing this public health concern. This study focuses on Glyoxalase-1 (GLO1), an enzyme crucial for methylglyoxal detoxification, in the context of cervical cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We assessed GLO1 expression in cervical cancer patient samples using immunohistochemistry.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      experiments using HeLa cells were conducted to evaluate the impact of GLO1 inhibition on cell viability and migration. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and gene set variation analysis were utilized to investigate the role of GLO1 in the metabolism of cervical cancer. Additionally, public microarray data were analyzed to determine GLO1 expression across various stages of cervical cancer.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our analysis included 58 cervical cancer patients, and showed that GLO1 is significantly upregulated in cervical cancer tissues compared to normal cervical tissues, independent of pathological findings and disease stage.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      experiments indicated that GLO1 inhibition by S-p-bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester decreased cell viability and migration in cervical cancer cell lines. Analyses of scRNA-seq data and public gene expression datasets corroborated the overexpression of GLO1 and its involvement in cancer metabolism, particularly glycolysis. An examination of expression data from precancerous lesions revealed a progressive increase in GLO1 expression from normal tissue to invasive cervical cancer.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights the critical role of GLO1 in the progression of cervical cancer, presenting it as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. These findings contribute valuable insights towards personalized treatment approaches and augment the ongoing efforts to combat cervical cancer. Further research is necessary to comprehensively explore GLO1\u2019s potential in clinical applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0299345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T13:35:58Z","timestamp":1718285758000},"page":"e0299345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Glyoxalase 1: Emerging biomarker and therapeutic target in cervical cancer progression"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ji-Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Hye","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0501-4399","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Soryung","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanghyuk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyang Ah","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5887-4497","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yung-Taek","family":"Ouh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3372-442X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seok-Ho","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0299345.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e52","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2019.30.e52","article-title":"Human papillomavirus genotype-specific risk in cervical carcinogenesis","volume":"30","author":"KA So","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0299345.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21628","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening for individuals at average risk: 2020 guideline update from the American Cancer Society.","volume":"70","author":"ETH Fontham","year":"2020","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0299345.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.22958","article-title":"Altered energy metabolism in cancer: a unique opportunity for therapeutic intervention","volume":"14","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther"},{"key":"pone.0299345.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110663","article-title":"Glyoxalase system: A systematic review of its biological activity, related-diseases, screening methods and small molecule regulators","volume":"131","author":"Y He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0299345.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19020406","article-title":"Inhibition of GLO1 in Glioblastoma Multiforme Increases DNA-AGEs, Stimulates RAGE Expression, and Inhibits Brain Tumor Growth in Orthotopic Mouse Models.","volume":"19","author":"R Jandial","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0299345.ref006","first-page":"3219","article-title":"Glyoxalase I (GLO1) is up-regulated in pancreatic cancerous tissues compared with related non-cancerous tissues.","volume":"32","author":"Y Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0299345.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34352","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034352","article-title":"Glyoxalase-I is a novel prognosis factor associated with gastric cancer progression","volume":"7","author":"WL Cheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0299345.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910440522","article-title":"Morphological and immunological characteristics of a rat choriocarcinoma","volume":"44","author":"A Verstuyf","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0299345.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748698","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.748698","article-title":"Studies of Glyoxalase 1-Linked Multidrug Resistance Reveal Glycolysis-Derived Reactive Metabolite, Methylglyoxal, Is a Common Contributor in Cancer Chemotherapy Targeting the Spliceosome.","volume":"11","author":"M Alhujaily","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0299345.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2011.02.006","article-title":"Glyoxalase in tumourigenesis and multidrug resistance","volume":"22","author":"PJ Thornalley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"pone.0299345.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1042\/bst0311372","article-title":"Protecting the genome: defence against nucleotide glycation and emerging role of glyoxalase I overexpression in multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy","volume":"31","author":"PJ Thornalley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0299345.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5959","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.15415","article-title":"GLO 1 and PKClambda Regulate ALDH1-positive Breast Cancer Stem Cell Survival","volume":"41","author":"H Motomura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"issue":"92","key":"pone.0299345.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36515","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.26369","article-title":"Glyoxalase 1 gene is highly expressed in basal-like human breast cancers and contributes to survival of ALDH1-positive breast cancer stem cells","volume":"9","author":"S Tamori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0299345.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-016-0712-6","article-title":"Cancer stem cell metabolism","volume":"18","author":"M Peiris-Pages","year":"2016","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0299345.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4784.19.04397-1","article-title":"Global strategies for cervical cancer prevention and screening","volume":"71","author":"SA Pimple","year":"2019","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0299345.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2022.0109","article-title":"Glyoxalase 1 as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells","volume":"45","author":"JY Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0299345.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(69)90445-8","article-title":"Glyoxalase inhibitors as potential anticancer agents","volume":"35","author":"R Vince","year":"1969","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0299345.ref018","first-page":"2513","article-title":"Selective activation of apoptosis program by S-p-bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester in glyoxalase I-overexpressing human lung cancer cells","volume":"7","author":"H Sakamoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"pone.0299345.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00785","article-title":"Inhibition of Glyoxalase-I Leads to Reduced Proliferation, Migration and Colony Formation, and Enhanced Susceptibility to Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","volume":"9","author":"M Michel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0299345.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-04142-w","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cellular heterogeneity and molecular stratification of cervical cancer","volume":"5","author":"C Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"pone.0299345.ref021","first-page":"170","article-title":"Analyzing Topics and Sentiments from Twitter to Gain Insights to Refine Interventions for Family Caregivers of Persons with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) During COVID-19 Pandemic.","volume":"289","author":"S Yoon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform."},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0299345.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0619-0","article-title":"Fast, sensitive and accurate integration of single-cell data with Harmony.","volume":"16","author":"I Korsunsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Methods."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0299345.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2018.11.005","article-title":"Scrublet: Computational Identification of Cell Doublets in Single-Cell Transcriptomic Data.","volume":"8","author":"SL Wolock","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Syst"},{"key":"pone.0299345.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-7","article-title":"GSVA: gene set variation analysis for microarray and RNA-seq data.","volume":"14","author":"S Hanzelmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0299345.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e184","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060184","article-title":"WikiPathways: pathway editing for the people","volume":"6","author":"AR Pico","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0299345.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2015.12.004","article-title":"The Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB) hallmark gene set collection.","volume":"1","author":"A Liberzon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Syst"},{"issue":"43","key":"pone.0299345.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","article-title":"Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles","volume":"102","author":"A Subramanian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0299345.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv007","article-title":"limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies","volume":"43","author":"ME Ritchie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"25","key":"pone.0299345.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3255","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1509322112","article-title":"Molecular transitions from papillomavirus infection to cervical precancer and cancer: Role of stromal estrogen receptor signaling","volume":"112","author":"JA den Boon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0299345.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btg405","article-title":"affy\u2014analysis of Affymetrix GeneChip data at the probe level","volume":"20","author":"L Gautier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"14","key":"pone.0299345.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13143608","article-title":"Glyoxalase 1 Expression as a Novel Diagnostic Marker of High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Prostate Cancer.","volume":"13","author":"L Rounds","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)."},{"key":"pone.0299345.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101838","article-title":"Genomic GLO1 deletion modulates TXNIP expression, glucose metabolism, and redox homeostasis while accelerating human A375 malignant melanoma tumor growth.","volume":"39","author":"J Jandova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"pone.0299345.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2017.05.006","article-title":"Multiple roles of glyoxalase 1-mediated suppression of methylglyoxal glycation in cancer biology-Involvement in tumour suppression, tumour growth, multidrug resistance and target for chemotherapy","volume":"49","author":"N Rabbani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0299345.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1080\/15384047.2015.1121346","article-title":"Effects of methylglyoxal and glyoxalase I inhibition on breast cancer cells proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis through modulation of MAPKs, MMP9, and Bcl-2","volume":"17","author":"Y Guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther"},{"key":"pone.0299345.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2017.12.008","article-title":"Interdependence of GLO I and PKM2 in the Metabolic shift to escape apoptosis in GLO I-dependent cancer cells","volume":"638","author":"N Shimada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0299345.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1159\/000020226","article-title":"Methylglyoxal-induced apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma: potential modality for prostate cancer treatment","volume":"37","author":"DM Milanesa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"pone.0299345.ref037","first-page":"5","article-title":"Methylglyoxal, a glycolysis side-product, induces Hsp90 glycation and YAP-mediated tumor growth and metastasis.","author":"MJ Nokin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0299345.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1379\/CSC-99r.1","article-title":"Heat shock proteins in cancer: diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and treatment implications","volume":"10","author":"DR Ciocca","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones"},{"issue":"48","key":"pone.0299345.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45770","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M207485200","article-title":"Modulation of heat-shock protein 27 (Hsp27) anti-apoptotic activity by methylglyoxal modification.","volume":"277","author":"H Sakamoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0299345","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T13:36:23Z","timestamp":1718285783000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0299345"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Faramarz","family":"Dehghani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0299345","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2024.02.11.579832","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]}}}