{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T19:49:33Z","timestamp":1767988173057,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grant for Applied Research","award":["RP-PG-0610-10048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP-PG-0610-10048"]}]},{"name":"BNSSG ICB","award":["Launching Fellowship RCF 21\/22-3.1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Launching Fellowship RCF 21\/22-3.1"]}]},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grant for Applied Research","award":["RP-PG-0610-10048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP-PG-0610-10048"]}]},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grant for Applied Research","award":["RP-PG-0610-10048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP-PG-0610-10048"]}]},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grant for Applied Research","award":["RP-PG-0610-10048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP-PG-0610-10048"]}]},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grant for Applied Research","award":["RP-PG-0610-10048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP-PG-0610-10048"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Antidepressants are a first-line treatment for depression, yet many patients do not respond. There is a need to understand which patients have greater treatment response but there is little research on patient characteristics that moderate the effectiveness of antidepressants. This study examined potential moderators of response to antidepressant treatment.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The PANDA trial investigated the clinical effectiveness of sertraline (n = 326) compared with placebo (n = 329) in primary care patients with depressive symptoms. We investigated 11 potential moderators of treatment effect (age, employment, suicidal ideation, marital status, financial difficulty, education, social support, family history of depression, life events, health and past antidepressant use). Using multiple linear regression, we investigated the appropriate interaction term for each of these potential moderators with treatment as allocated.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Family history of depression was the only variable with weak evidence of effect modification (p-value for interaction = 0.048), such that those with no family history of depression may have greater benefit from antidepressant treatment. We found no evidence of effect modification (p-value for interactions\u22650.29) by any of the other ten variables.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Evidence for treatment moderators was extremely limited, supporting an approach of continuing discuss antidepressant treatment with all patients presenting with moderate to severe depressive symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0300366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T17:48:22Z","timestamp":1715276902000},"page":"e0300366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["What predicts response to sertraline for people with depression in primary care? a secondary data analysis of moderators in the PANDA trial"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4762-2950","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Archer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Araya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larisa","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Gilbody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5205-8245","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Glyn","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tony","family":"Kendrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2881-4180","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tim J.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Wiles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0300366.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGPO.2021.0020","article-title":"Trends and variation in antidepressant prescribing in English primary care: a retrospective longitudinal study.","volume":"5","author":"P Bogowicz","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJGP open."},{"key":"pone.0300366.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S29716","article-title":"Treatment-resistant depression: therapeutic trends, challenges, and future directions.","volume":"6","author":"KS Al-Harbi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Patient preference."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0300366.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2147\/nedt.1.1.51.52298","article-title":"treatment. What moderator characteristics are associated with better prognosis for depression?","volume":"1","author":"MH Trivedi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment."},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0300366.ref004","first-page":"0","article-title":"Predictors of response to acute treatment of chronic and double depression with sertraline or imipramine.","volume":"59","author":"RM Hirschfeld","year":"1998"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0300366.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0001-690X.2003.00168.x","article-title":"Clinical and sociodemographic predictors of response to augmentation, or dose increase among depressed outpatients resistant to fluoxetine 20 mg\/day.","volume":"108","author":"R Perlis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"pone.0300366.ref006","first-page":"30","article-title":"Role of age, gender and marital status in prognosis for adults with depression: An individual patient data 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clinical profiles of antidepressant response and remission.","volume":"30","author":"FA Jain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Depression & anxiety."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0300366.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.163.1.28","article-title":"Evaluation of outcomes with citalopram for depression using measurement-based care in STAR* D: implications for clinical practice","volume":"163","author":"MH Trivedi","year":"2006","journal-title":"American journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0300366.ref014","article-title":"Factors associated with incomplete recovery in primary depressive illness","author":"HS Akiskal","year":"1982","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0300366.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718001708","article-title":"Personalized prediction of antidepressant v. placebo response: evidence from the EMBARC study.","volume":"49","author":"CA 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