{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T19:57:34Z","timestamp":1783627054723,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research project of affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","award":["Project Number 2021FSYYZZ10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project Number 2021FSYYZZ10"]}]},{"name":"Quzhou Science and Technology Bureau project","award":["Project Number 2023K161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project Number 2023K161"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory disease where pro-inflammatory cytokines, damage-associated molecular patterns and macrophages play a crucial role. However, the interaction of these mediators, the exact cause, and the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are still unclear. Moreover, the interaction of interleukin (IL)-33, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) with other factors in the pathogenesis of KOA has not been elaborately explored.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the expression of IL-33, PDGF-BB, and MMP-9 in the knee cartilage tissue of model mice, murine KOA was induced by using the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Compared with the sham operation control group, the expression levels of PDGF-BB, IL-33, and MMP-9 were increased significantly, and the pathological sections showed obvious cartilage damage. Additionally, we assessed the levels of IL-33 and MMP-9 expression in the knee joint of KOA model mice following intervention with PDGF-BB antibody, and we found that the expression level of MMP-9 was reduced following intervention with IL-33 antibody. When the effects of the three antibodies were compared in a mouse disease model, it was discovered that the IL-33 antibody could dramatically lower the relative expression level of MMP-9, resulting in the least amount of cartilage damage and improved protection. In conclusion, inhibiting IL-33 can significantly lower inflammatory factor levels in the knee joint, including IL-33 and MMP-9, and it can improve cartilage breakdown in osteoarthritis of the knee.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Overall, the results indicate that IL-33 has a therapeutic function in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis and may be a novel target for treatment of the underlying causes of KOA. Additionally, PDGF-BB might be an upstream pathway of IL-33, and KOA\u2019s MMP-9 is an downstream pathway of IL-33.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0301199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T18:43:39Z","timestamp":1724352219000},"page":"e0301199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Blocking IL-33 decelerates cartilage degeneration in knee osteoarthritis through mice model"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rujie","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanxiao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6650-0620","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kangxiang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10182","key":"pone.0301199.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30417-9","article-title":"Osteoarthritis","volume":"393","author":"DJ Hunter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10159","key":"pone.0301199.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"392","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0301199.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2016.01.006","article-title":"Risk factors and burden of osteoarthritis.","volume":"59","author":"C Palazzo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"pone.0301199.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/lds038","article-title":"Epidemiology and burden of osteoarthritis","volume":"105","author":"A Litwic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"pone.0301199.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16044","DOI":"10.1038\/boneres.2016.44","article-title":"Osteoarthritis: toward a comprehensive understanding of pathological mechanism","volume":"5","author":"D Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0301199.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2019.1116","article-title":"Infrapatellar Fat Pad and Knee Osteoarthritis.","volume":"11","author":"N Zeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0301199.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.4.180102","article-title":"Subchondral bone remodelling in osteoarthritis","volume":"4","author":"S. 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