{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T18:04:33Z","timestamp":1785002673001,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["442572\/2019-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["442572\/2019-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection has disproportionately affected more men who have sex with men (MSM), occurring in outbreaks, despite being vaccine-preventable. We determined the prevalence and factors associated with HAV susceptibility among cisgender MSM on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Northeastern Brazil. From September 30, 2021 to June 19, 2023, 282 cisgender MSM receiving HIV PrEP were enrolled into this cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and clinical information were collected. Blood samples were collected for screening of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and serum samples were tested for IgM and total anti-HAV antibodies. Non-reactive results for total anti-HAV antibodies were found in 106 of 282 (37.6%) participants. Factors associated with HAV susceptibility included age &lt;30 years (prevalence ratio [PR]: 2.02; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.61\u20132.53), having health insurance (PR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.19\u20131.64), sex only with cisgender men (PR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.23\u20131.89), non-steady partner (PR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.43) and no lifetime history of STIs (PR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.03\u20131.53). Identifying clinical correlates of HAV susceptibility in key populations is a fundamental step towards development of public policy focused on prevention, especially following the recent hepatitis A outbreak in Brazil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0301397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T17:56:44Z","timestamp":1711648604000},"page":"e0301397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Factors associated with hepatitis A susceptibility among men who have sex with men using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Northeastern Brazil: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7845-3921","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hareton Teixeira","family":"Vechi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f4nica Baumgardt","family":"Bay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio Henrique Silva de","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00falia Gomes Fernandes Costa de","family":"Sant\u2019anna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Brites","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenio Costa de","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0301397.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.1.38-58.2001","article-title":"Hepatitis A: old and new","volume":"14","author":"JA Cuthbert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0301397.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-021-10232-4","article-title":"The global trends and regional differences in incidence and mortality of hepatitis A from 1990 to 2019 and implications for its prevention","volume":"15","author":"G Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0301397.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a031716","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a031716","article-title":"Globalization and the Changing Epidemiology of Hepatitis A Virus","volume":"8","author":"KH Jacobsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0301397.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.04.035","article-title":"Global burden of acute viral hepatitis and its association with socioeconomic development status, 1990\u20132019","volume":"75","author":"DY Zeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0301397.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2020.1813575","article-title":"Hepatitis A epidemiology in Latin American countries: a 2020 view from a systematic literature review","volume":"19","author":"A Andani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"pone.0301397.ref006","unstructured":"Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Departamento de Doen\u00e7as de Condi\u00e7\u00f5es Cr\u00f4nicas e Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis, Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade do Brasil. Epidemiological Report\u2014Viral Hepatitis 2022. [cited 26 August 2023]. https:\/\/www.gov.br\/saude\/pt-br."},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0301397.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25694","article-title":"Recent trends in hepatitis A incidence in Brazil","volume":"92","author":"TM De Oliveira","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"33","key":"pone.0301397.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700641","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.33.1700641","article-title":"Hepatitis A outbreak disproportionately affecting men who have sex with men (MSM) in the European Union and European Economic Area, June 2016 to May 2017","volume":"23","author":"P Ndumbi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0301397.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12926","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics and associated factors of acute hepatitis A outbreak among HIV-coinfected men who have sex with men in Taiwan, June 2015-December 2016","volume":"25","author":"CY Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0301397.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7024a2","article-title":"Hepatitis A Virus Infections Among Men Who Have Sex with Men\u2014Eight U.S. States, 2017\u20132018","volume":"70","author":"MA Foster","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0301397.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1993.tb121865.x","article-title":"An outbreak of hepatitis A among homosexual men in Melbourne","volume":"158","author":"T Stewart","year":"1993","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"48","key":"pone.0301397.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.48.17-00742","article-title":"Hepatitis A outbreak in HIV-infected MSM and in PrEP-using MSM despite a high level of immunity, Lyon, France, January to June 2017","volume":"22","author":"C Charre","year":"2017","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"Suppl_2","key":"pone.0301397.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S169","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac061","article-title":"Enteric Infections in Men Who Have Sex With Men","volume":"74","author":"CJ McNeil","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0301397.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.78.4.235","article-title":"Sexually acquired hepatitis","volume":"78","author":"MG Brook","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0301397.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1086\/343044","article-title":"Preventing hepatitis A and hepatitis B virus infections among men who have sex with men","volume":"35","author":"J. 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Painel PrEP. [cited 27 August 2023]. https:\/\/www.gov.br\/aids\/pt-br\/assuntos\/prevencao-combinada\/prep-profilaxia-pre-exposicao\/painel-prep"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0301397.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7004a1","article-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021","volume":"70","author":"KA Workowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"pone.0301397.ref023","unstructured":"Departamento de Vigil\u00e2ncia, Preven\u00e7\u00e3o e Controle das Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis, do HIV\/Aids e das Hepatites Virais, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade do Brasil. [cited 29 August 2023]. Manual T\u00e9cnico para o Diagn\u00f3stico da Infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV em Adultos e Crian\u00e7as. http:\/\/antigo.aids.gov.br\/pt-br\/node\/57787."},{"key":"pone.0301397.ref024","unstructured":"DiaSorin. DiaSorin LIAISON XL Hepatitis A and B Line. 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