{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T17:17:07Z","timestamp":1784308627331,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["(#104395, #1105561, #1064061)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(#104395, #1105561, #1064061)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2018144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018144"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014607","name":"Royal Children's Hospital Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014607","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute"},{"name":"Victorian Government\u2019s Operational Infrastructure program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Resilience is a <jats:underline>process<\/jats:underline> of drawing on internal or external strengths to regain, sustain or improve adaptive outcomes despite adversity. Using a child resilience measure co-designed with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, we investigate: 1) children\u2019s personal, family, school and community strengths; 2) gender differences; and 3) associations between resilience and wellbeing.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>1132 parent\/caregivers of children aged 5\u201312 years were recruited to the Childhood Resilience Study, including through the Aboriginal Families Study. The Aboriginal Families Study is a population-based cohort of 344 mothers of an Aboriginal and\/or Torres Strait Islander child. This paper focuses on the wave 2 survey data on child resilience at age 5\u20139 years (n = 231). Resilience was assessed with the Child Resilience Questionnaire-parent\/caregiver report (CRQ-P\/C), categorised into tertiles of low, moderate and high scores. Child emotional\/behavioural wellbeing and mental health competence was assessed with the parent-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. All Tobit regression models adjusted for child age.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander girls had higher resilience scores compared to boys (Adj.\u03b2 = 0\u00b79, 95%CI 0\u00b79\u20131\u00b74), with higher <jats:italic>School Engagement<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Friends<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Connectedness to language<\/jats:italic> scale scores. Resilience scores were strongly associated with wellbeing and high mental health competence. A higher proportion of girls with low resilience scores had positive wellbeing than did boys (73.3% versus 49.0%). High resilience scores were associated with lower SDQ total difficulties score after adjusting for child age, gender, maternal age and education and family location (major city, regional, remote) (Adj.\u03b2 = -3.4, 95%CI -5.1, -1.7). Compared to the Childhood Resilience Study sample, Aboriginal Families Study children had higher mean CRQ-P\/C scores in the personal and family domains.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>High family strengths can support Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children at both an individual and cultural level. Boys may benefit from added scaffolding by schools, family and communities to support their social and academic connectedness.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0301620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T18:18:01Z","timestamp":1713291481000},"page":"e0301620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Childhood Resilience Study: Resilience and emotional and behavioural wellbeing experienced by Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander boys and girls aged 5\u20139 years"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6749-8147","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Deirdre","family":"Gartland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arwen","family":"Nikolof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6951-9949","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fiona","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Gee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Glover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathy","family":"Leane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie Janne","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0301620.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.5694\/mja18.00213","article-title":"Why are so many more adolescents presenting to our emergency departments with mental health problems?","volume":"208","author":"SM Sawyer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med J Aust."},{"key":"pone.0301620.ref002","unstructured":"Bullot A, Cave L, Fildes J, Hall S, Plummer J. 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