{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T10:37:43Z","timestamp":1791110263030,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Development Foundation General Program","award":["BJZYYB-2023-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJZYYB-2023-20"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The potential association between rosacea and a heightened prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection has been previously suggested. However, existing studies offer inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to elucidate the relationship between rosacea and HP infection.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We conducted comprehensive searches of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant observational studies for our investigation. We utilized the random-effects model to aggregate the data to address the potential influence of heterogeneity among the studies on the outcome.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our analysis incorporated twenty-five datasets from 23 case-control and cross-sectional studies, encompassing 51,054 rosacea patients and 4,709,074 controls without skin disease. The pooled results revealed a significantly higher prevalence of HP infection in individuals with rosacea compared to controls (odds ratio [OR]: 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17\u20131.95, p&lt;0.001; I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 79%). Subgroup analysis indicated an increased prevalence of HP infection in rosacea studies that utilized one (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.11\u20132.66, p = 0.02; I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 76%) or more tests for HP infection (OR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.29\u20133.98, p = 0.005; I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 56%). However, this association was not observed in population-based studies that determined HP infection based on prescription records for HP eradication drugs (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.76\u20131.07, p = 0.024; I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 54%).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Rosacea may be significantly associated with a higher prevalence of HP infection. High-quality prospective studies with delicately controlled confounding factors are needed to determine if HP infection is a risk factor for rosacea.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0301703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T17:52:01Z","timestamp":1712253121000},"page":"e0301703","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Association between rosacea and helicobacter pylori infection: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9766-0642","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ying","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0301703.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2022.0526","article-title":"Assessment of Frequency of Rosacea Subtypes in Patients With Rosacea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"158","author":"YA Barakji","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"18","key":"pone.0301703.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1506630","article-title":"Rosacea.","volume":"377","author":"EJ van Zuuren","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pone.0301703.ref003","article-title":"Rosacea in children: a review","author":"A Chiriac","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0301703.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e175","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14757","article-title":"Rosacea: a wholistic review and update from pathogenesis to diagnosis and therapy","volume":"59","author":"JW Marson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0301703.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.08.049","article-title":"Global epidemiology and clinical spectrum of rosacea, highlighting skin of color: Review and clinical practice experience","volume":"80","author":"AF Alexis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0301703.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.08.028","article-title":"Rosacea: part I. Introduction, categorization, histology, pathogenesis, and risk factors.","volume":"72","author":"AM Two","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0301703.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2017.11.001","article-title":"Rosacea Pathogenesis","volume":"36","author":"CS Ahn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0301703.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1361574","DOI":"10.1080\/19381980.2017.1361574","article-title":"Rosacea: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment.","volume":"9","author":"BM Rainer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatoendocrinol.PubMed Central PMCID"},{"key":"pone.0301703.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108661","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1108661","article-title":"Role of the skin microbiota and intestinal microbiome in rosacea.","volume":"14","author":"W Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0301703.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00431-8","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"9","author":"P Malfertheiner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0301703.ref011","article-title":"Review\u2014Helicobacter pylori and non-malignant upper gastro-intestinal diseases","volume":"25","author":"C Schulz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0301703.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-020-00518-5","article-title":"Molecular Mechanism of Helicobacter pylori-Induced Gastric Cancer","volume":"52","author":"M. 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