{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T09:51:54Z","timestamp":1777974714126,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000306","name":"Tommy's Baby Charity","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Oxygen-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (OE-MRI) of the human placenta is potentially a sensitive marker of in vivo oxygenation. This methodological study shows that full coverage of the placenta is possible using 3D mapping of the change in longitudinal relaxation rate (\u0394R\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), in a group of healthy pregnant subjects breathing elevated levels of oxygen. Twelve pregnant subjects underwent a comparison of 2D and 3D OE-MRI. \u0394R\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    was mapped for a single 2D slice (ss-2D), a single matched-slice from the 3D volume (ss-3D) and the full 3D volume (vol-3D). The group-average median \u0394R\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    values for ss-3D (0.023 s\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and vol-3D (0.022 s\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) do not differ significantly from ss-2D (0.020 s\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), when compared using a two-tailed paired t-test (ss-3D (p = 0.58) and vol-3D (p = 0.70)). However, median baseline T\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    (T\n                    <jats:sub>1b<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) for ss-2D was higher (1603 ms) than T\n                    <jats:sub>1b<\/jats:sub>\n                    for ss-3D (1540 ms, p = 0.07) and significantly higher than vol-3D (1515 ms, p = 0.02), when compared using a two-tailed paired t-test. In contrast with previous studies, no correlation of median \u0394R\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    with gestation age at scan for the normal group (N = 10) was observed for ss-2D, likely due to the smaller gestational range. Full volume OE-MRI maps reveal sensitivity to changes in \u0394R\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , with some participants showing an enhanced gradient in the intermediate space between the fetal and maternal sides of the placenta in the 3D data. This study shows that it is feasible to acquire whole placental volume OE-MRI data in women with healthy pregnancy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0302623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T13:28:41Z","timestamp":1716384521000},"page":"e0302623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of 2D and 3D oxygen-enhanced MRI of the placenta"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4213-3234","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Penny L.","family":"Hubbard Cristinacce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minal","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8980-8924","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Josephine H.","family":"Naish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9732-8544","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Edward D.","family":"Johnstone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Ingram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0302623.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24581","article-title":"R1 and R2* changes in the human placenta in response to maternal oxygen challenge","volume":"70","author":"I Huen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"pone.0302623.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2016.01.016","article-title":"R1 changes in the human placenta at 3 T in response to a maternal oxygen challenge protocol","volume":"39","author":"E Ingram","year":"2016","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0302623.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017162385","article-title":"MR Imaging Measurements of Altered Placental Oxygenation in Pregnancies Complicated by Fetal Growth Restriction.","volume":"285","author":"E Ingram","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0302623.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-200606000-00008","article-title":"Perinatal outcome and later implications of intrauterine growth restriction.","volume":"49","author":"EK Pallotto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1 I","key":"pone.0302623.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)70513-8","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality among very-low-birth-weight neonates with intrauterine growth restriction.","volume":"182","author":"IM Bernstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0302623.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2014.07.013","article-title":"Fetoplacental vascular alterations associated with fetal growth restriction","volume":"35","author":"TO Junaid","year":"2014","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0302623.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2003.12.002","article-title":"Customized Fetal Growth Standards: Rationale and Clinical Application","volume":"28","author":"J. Gardosi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0302623.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1159\/000357592","article-title":"Update on the diagnosis and classification of fetal growth restriction and proposal of a stage-based management protocol.","volume":"36","author":"F Figueras","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther."},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0302623.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2011.07.008","article-title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxation Time Measurements of the Placenta at 1.5 T.","volume":"32","author":"C Wright","year":"2011","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0302623.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0730-725X(97)00308-1","article-title":"In vivo relaxation time measurements in the human placenta using echo planar imaging at 0.5 T","volume":"16","author":"PA Gowland","year":"1998","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0302623.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27036","article-title":"Placenta microstructure and microcirculation imaging with diffusion MRI","volume":"80","author":"PJ Slator","year":"2018","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0302623.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12833","article-title":"Maternal vascular malperfusion of the placental bed","volume":"126","author":"LM Ernst","year":"2018","journal-title":"APMIS"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0302623","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T13:28:53Z","timestamp":1716384533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0302623"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Crovetto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0302623","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2023.03.17.23287353","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]}}}