{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T20:31:21Z","timestamp":1790281881350,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Youth Doctorate Support Program in Colleges and the Universities","award":["Department of Education of Gansu Province (2023QB-132)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Department of Education of Gansu Province (2023QB-132)"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019493","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China-Nuclear Technology Innovation Joint Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31960631"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31960631"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019493","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Water stress can adversely affect seed germination and plant growth. Seed osmopriming is a pre-sowing treatment in which seeds are soaked in osmotic solutions to undergo the first stage of germination prior to radicle protrusion. Seed osmopriming enhances germination performance under stressful environmental conditions, making it an effective method to improve plant resistance and yield. This study analyzed the effect of seed osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG) on seed germination and physiological parameters of\n                    <jats:italic>Coronilla varia<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. Priming treatments using 10% to 30% PEG enhanced germination percentage, germination vigor, germination index, vitality index, and seedling mass and reduced the time to reach 50% germination (T50). The PEG concentration that led to better results was 10%. The content of soluble proteins (SP), proline (Pro), soluble sugars (SS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in\n                    <jats:italic>Coronilla varia<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. seedlings increased with the severity of water stress. In addition, under water stress, electrolyte leakage rose, and peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities intensified, while catalase (CAT) activity increased at mild-to-moderate water stress but declined with more severe deficiency. The 10% PEG priming significantly improved germination percentage, germination vigor, germination index, vitality index, and time to 50% germination (T50) under water stress. Across the water stress gradient here tested (8 to 12% PEG), seed priming enhanced SP content, Pro content, and SOD activity in\n                    <jats:italic>Coronilla varia<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. seedlings compared to the unprimed treatments. Under 10% PEG-induced water stress, primed seedlings displayed a significantly lower MDA content and electrolyte leakage than their unprimed counterparts and exhibited significantly higher CAT and POD activities. However, under 12% PEG-induced water stress, differences in electrolyte leakage, CAT activity, and POD activity between primed and unprimed treatments were not significant. These findings suggest that PEG priming enhances the osmotic regulation and antioxidant capacity of\n                    <jats:italic>Coronilla varia<\/jats:italic>\n                    seedlings, facilitating seed germination and seedling growth and alleviating drought stress damage, albeit with reduced efficacy under severe water deficiency.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0303145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T13:28:19Z","timestamp":1715347699000},"page":"e0303145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Seed osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG) enhances seed germination and seedling physiological traits of Coronilla varia L. under water stress"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2448-3558","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Leyuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingui","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guojun","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0303145.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/gfs.12034","article-title":"Plant growth, water relations and proline content of three vetch species under water\u2010limited conditions","volume":"69","author":"S Haffani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Grass and Forage Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0303145.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1111\/plb.12356","article-title":"Dormancy and germination: How does the crop seed decide?","volume":"17","author":"K Shu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Biology"},{"key":"pone.0303145.ref003","first-page":"5","article-title":"Response of plants to water stress","author":"Y Osakabe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"pone.0303145.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.00978","article-title":"Response of Plants to Water Stress: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Y Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0303145.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1134\/S1021443718020127","article-title":"Effect of Drought Stress on Lipid Peroxidation, Osmotic Adjustment and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Leaves and Roots of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. 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