{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:36:05Z","timestamp":1790242565130,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Anthropometric studies of the scapula have been rare in Spanish populations, nevertheless they are of current interest in forensic anthropology for estimation of sex. Although the estimation of sex is usually carried out on the pelvis and skull, other measurements related to the scapula can be helpful when the skeletal remains are incomplete. Glenohumeral osteoarthritis development is influenced, among others, by the morphology of the scapula, which is one of the less studied aspects. We carried out a descriptive study of anthropometric parameters in a series of 157 scapulae (82 individuals) on bone remains dated to the 20<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> century from a population of Granada (Southern Spain). Seventy seven (49%) were right-side and 80 (51%) left-side; 72 (45.9%) were from males and 85 (54.1%) from females, and the mean age at death was 70.76\u00b111.7 years. The objective was to develop a discrimination function for sex estimation based on anthropometric parameters of the scapula other than those considered to date, and to analyze the prevalence of glenohumeral osteoarthritis in relation to selected anthropometric parameters. A logistic regression model based on parameters of the upper-external segment of the scapula was done. The obtained formula: 1\/1+e^ (- (-57.911 + 0.350*B + 0283*C + 0.249*b + 0.166*a +-0.100*\u03b2) classifies male sex with 98.3% accuracy and female sex with 92.1%. Glenohumeral osteoarthritis was detected in 16.6% of individuals and was related to age (p&lt;0.05), scapular length (p&lt;0.05), glenoid width (p&lt;0.05), glenopolar angle (p&lt;0.05), and \u03b1 angle (p&lt;0.05) in bivariate analyses but showed no significant associations in multivariate analyses. This approach can be useful for anthropological-forensic identification when scapula remains are incomplete. Glenohumeral osteoarthritis is significantly associated with a smaller \u03b1 angle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0305410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T17:35:35Z","timestamp":1720632935000},"page":"e0305410","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Anthropometric study of the scapula in a contemporary population from granada. Sex estimation and glenohumeral osteoarthritis prevalence"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9975-212X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adoraci\u00f3n","family":"Garz\u00f3n-Alfaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Botella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Rus Carlborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Prados Olleta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda Roc\u00edo","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez- Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0305410.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20799","article-title":"A comparison of the ontogeny of shape variation in the anthropoid scapula: functional and phylogenetic signal","volume":"136","author":"NM Young","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0305410.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23072","article-title":"Functional morphology of the Neandertal scapular glenoid fossa","volume":"298","author":"ME Macias","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anat Rec (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0305410.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-015-1614-5","article-title":"The suprascapular notch narrows with aging: a preliminary solution of the old conjecture based on a 3D-CT evaluation","volume":"38","author":"K. 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