{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T22:35:02Z","timestamp":1789598102789,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of antimicrobial resistance is alarmingly high because it occurs in humans, environment, and animal sectors from a \u201cOne Health\u201d viewpoint. The emergence of plasmid-carried mobile colistin-resistance (<jats:italic>MCR<\/jats:italic>) genes limits the efficacy of colistin, which is the last-line treatment for multidrug resistance (MDR) against gram-negative infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec002\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study aimed to investigate emergence of colistin-resistance (<jats:italic>MCR<\/jats:italic>1\u20135) genes in<jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic>isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Jordan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec003\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic>(n = 132) were collected from urine specimens. The<jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic>isolated from human UTI patients were examined the resistance to colistin based on the presence of<jats:italic>MCR<\/jats:italic>(1\u20135). All isolates were tested against 20 antimicrobials using the standard disk diffusion method. The broth microdilution technique was used to analyze colistin resistance. In addition, the<jats:italic>MCR<\/jats:italic>(1\u20135) genes were detected using multiplex PCR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec004\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of the 132 isolates, 1 isolate was colistin-resistant, having a minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 \u03bcg\/mL and possessing<jats:italic>MCR<\/jats:italic>-1. All the<jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic>isolates showed high resistance to penicillin (100%), amoxicillin (79.55%), cephalexin (75.76%), nalidixic acid (62.88%), tetracycline (58.33%), or cefepime (53.79).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec005\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the first report on the presence of plasmid-coded<jats:italic>MCR<\/jats:italic>-1 in<jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic>from a patient with UTIs in Jordan. This is a problematic finding because colistin is the last-line drug for the treatment of infections caused by MDR gram-negative bacteria. There is a crucial need to robustly utilize antibiotics to control and prevent the emergence and prevalence of colistin-resistance genes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0305431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T17:34:39Z","timestamp":1718213679000},"page":"e0305431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Colistin-resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infections"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8952-7295","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Waleed M.","family":"Al Momani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nour","family":"Ata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed O.","family":"Maslat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0305431.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2019.1680052","article-title":"AA Brooks Treatment of urinary tract infections in the era of antimicrobial resistance and new antimicrobial agents","volume":"132","author":"MS Bader","year":"2020","journal-title":"Postgraduate medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0305431.ref002","first-page":"12","article-title":"MS Abdallah Antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria responsible for urinary tract infection (UTI).","volume":"1","author":"M Ali","year":"2018","journal-title":"South Asian Journal of Biological Research (SAJBR),"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0305431.ref003","first-page":"0","article-title":"coli the most prevalent causative agent urinary tract infection in pregnancy: comparative analysis of susceptibility and resistance pattern of antimicrobials","volume":"7","author":"M Ayub","year":"2016","journal-title":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0305431.ref004","first-page":"42","article-title":"H AkbariEmergence of multidrug resistant strains of Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tractinfections","volume":"32","author":"R Moniri","year":"2003","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0305431.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw274","article-title":"AP JohnsonTransferable resistance to colistin: a new but old threat","volume":"71","author":"S. 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